论文总字数：34713字

摘 要

碱激发材料是含活性硅铝质原料在高碱条件下，经解聚-缩聚而形成的三维网络结构的无机聚合物凝胶材料。其CO₂排放量小，且具有较好的力学性能、耐化学性能、耐火性能，是这两年的研究热点。自流平地坪材料，流动度好、施工简便、劳动成本低，是大型建筑的理想铺筑材料。
本文以高炉矿渣与工业废渣粉煤灰为主要原料，改性水玻璃为碱性激发剂，高分子类发泡剂为发泡剂，使基体与物理发泡法制备的泡沫均匀混合，最终制备成保温碱激发地坪材料。其中，基体的配比比设计和掺泡量是影响其最终性能的重要因素。通过正交实验法研究矿渣掺量、液固比、水玻璃模数对基体的影响，发现：1、 矿渣掺量越高、液固比越低、水玻璃模数越高，凝结时间越短；矿渣掺量越高、液固比越高、水玻璃模数越低，抗压强度越大；液固比越低、模数越高，收缩越小；矿渣掺量为20%收缩最小。综合考虑分析，基体最佳配比为：矿渣掺量30%，液固比0.6，水玻璃模数1.6。2、 用上述配比制备保温碱激发地坪材料：掺泡量（泡沫与浆体体积比）越大，干密度越小；掺泡量越大，流动度越小；掺泡量越大，导热系数越小；掺泡量越大，抗压强度越低。综合考虑保温碱激发地坪材料的性能，当选取泡沫掺量为0.69时，流动度为130mm、干密度为1264.73kg.m^-3、抗压强度为10.41MPa。

关键词：保温碱激发地坪材料 物理发泡法 矿渣 粉煤灰

Physical foaming preparation of thermal insulation alkali

excitation floor materials and performance study

Abstract

Alkali excitation material is containing active silicon aluminium material under the condition of high alkali, the solution of poly-condensation to form a three-dimensional network structure of inorganic polymer gel materials.Its CO₂ emissions is small, and has good mechanical properties, chemical resistance, fireproof performance, is the research hotspot in this two years.Self-leveling floor material, good fluidity, simple construction, low labor costs, is the ideal of large construction paving material.
In this paper, blast furnace slag and fly ash as main raw materials, industrial waste residue of modified sodium silicate as alkali excitation agent, high polymer such as foaming agent, foaming agent to make mixing matrix was prepared with physical foaming bubbles, the final preparation into alkali excitation floor insulation materials.Among them, the ratio of matrix than design and mixing bubble volume is an important factor of influence the final performance.By orthogonal experimental method, slag content, liquid-solid ratio and modulus of sodium silicate on the influence of the substrate, found that: 1. the higher the slag content, the lower the liquid-solid ratio, the higher modulus of sodium silicate, the shorter the setting time.The higher the slag content, liquid-solid ratio is higher, the lower the modulus of sodium silicate, the greater the compressive strength;The lower the liquid-solid ratio, the higher the modulus, the smaller the shrinkage;Slag dosage is 20% minimum contraction.Considering the analysis, optimum proportion matrix as the following: slag content is 30%, the liquid-solid ratio of 0.6, sodium silicate module 1.6. 2. alkali excitation preparation with the ratio of the thermal insulation floor material: mixing bubble volume (with slurry bubble volume, the greater the dry density is smaller;Mixing the bubble volume, the greater the fluidity is smaller;Mixing the bubble volume, the greater the coefficient of thermal conductivity is smaller;Mixing the bubble volume, the greater the compressive strength is lower.Alkali excitation considering thermal insulation performance of floor material, took the bubble content is 0.69 was elected, fluidity is 130 mm, dry density is 1264.73 kg. m ^{- 3}, compressive strength is 10.41 MPa.

Keywords: thermal insulation alkali excitation floor material; physical foaming; slag ;fly ash

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 保温碱激发地坪材料概述 1

1.1.1碱激发胶凝材料简介 1

1.1.2自流平地坪材料简介（性能） 1

1.2 原料 2

1.2.1高钙体系（矿渣） 2

1.2.2低钙体系——粉煤灰（FA） 3

1.2.3低钙体系——偏高岭土（MK） 4

1.2.4碱激发剂（水玻璃） 4

1.3 水化产物 5

1.4 反应机理 6

1.4.1粉煤灰（FA）的碱激发反应机理 6

1.4.2 MK的碱激发反应机理 9

1.4.3碱激发矿渣的反应机理 9

1.4.4钙的作用 10

1.4.5铝的作用 11

1.5 保温碱激发地坪材料制备方法 12

1.5.1物理发泡法制备保温碱激发地坪材料 12

1.5.2发泡剂 12

1.5.3发泡机 13

1.5.4混泡 14

1.6 课题研究内容及国内外研究进展 14

1.6.1课题研究内容 14

1.6.2国内外研究进展 14

第二章 实验原料与实验方法 16

2.1 实验原料 16

2.1.1粉煤灰（FA）和矿渣（SL） 16

2.1.2改性水玻璃 16

2.1.3发泡剂 16

2.2 实验方法 17

2.2.1保温碱激发地坪材料基体的制备 17

2.2.2保温碱激发地坪材料的制备 17

2.3 实验设备 18

2.4 性能测试 18

2.4.1抗压强度 19

2.4.2 干密度 19

2.4.3 导热系数 19

2.4.4 凝结时间 19

2.4.5收缩性能 19

2.4.6流动度 20

2.5实验方案--正交试验设计 20

第三章 实验结果 22

3.1矿渣掺量、液固比、水玻璃模数对基体的性能影响 22

3.1.1基体凝结时间的实验结果及分析 22

3.1.2基体抗压强度的实验结果及分析 26

3.1.3基体收缩性能的实验结果及分析 30

3.1.4基体最优配比的确定 32

3.2掺泡量对保温碱激发地坪材料性能的影响 32

3.2.1掺泡量对材料干密度的影响 33

3.2.2掺泡量对材料抗压强度的影响 34

3.2.3掺泡量对材料导热系数的影响 34

3.2.4掺泡量对材料流动度的影响 35

3.2.5小结 36

3.3孔结构表征 36

第四章 结论 38

参考文献 39

致 谢 43

第一章 绪论

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