论文总字数：22040字

摘 要

二维二硫化钼（MoS₂）是一种拥有巨大比表面积和较高可见光吸收性能的金属硫族化合物，因为其拥有特殊的“三明治”结构，即为一层钼原子夹在两层硫原子之间。由于其比表面积较大，禁带宽度合理等优点，非常适合作为一种新兴的光催化剂使用，相比与传统的二氧化钛（TiO₂）具有更好的可见光吸收效率。但是由于二硫化钼作为半导体材料，存在导电性能不是很好，导致在光催化中形成的光生电子空位对复合几率较大，并且光生载流子的移动速度很慢等缺点，使得它的光催化性能仍有很大的提升空间。因此，本文使用与二硫化钼具有相似的结构，并且在微观尺度形貌和晶体宏观结构上与二硫化钼有匹配性，在电学性能上有互补性的少层石墨烯作为基体，利用复合材料基体与第二相的协同作用，将二硫化钼均匀紧密地附着在少层石墨烯表面，从而形成一种复合光催化剂。这种复合材既有石墨烯的部分优点，又继承了二硫化钼一些显著的优点，例如这种复合材料的导带与价带之间的禁带带隙可以像二硫化钼一样人为控制，因此可见光吸收性能较好；同时具备了石墨烯的优异的导电性能，大大减少了光生电子空位对的复合几率，并且加快了载流子的传播速度，从而显著提高了光催化性能。未来，将传统催化剂与新兴的材料复合形成复合催化剂这种思路必将是提高现有传统催化剂催化性能的发展之道。

限于疫情的限制，本文未来得及对制备出的复合催化剂做全面的性能表征，因此有些实验结果是根据已得到的结果和相关文献得来的预测结果。

关键词：二硫化钼 少层石墨烯 光催化剂 复合材料 光催化性能

Study on photocatalytic performance of molybdenum disulfide/low-layer graphene composite catalyst

Abstract

Two dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a metal sulfur compound with a large specific surface area and high visible light absorption, because it has a special "sandwich" structure, that is, a layer of molybdenum atoms sandwiched between two layers of sulfur atoms. Due to its large specific surface area and reasonable bandgap width, it is very suitable for use as an emerging photocatalyst. Compared with traditional titanium dioxide (TiO2), it has better visible light absorption efficiency. However, due to the fact that molybdenum disulfide is a semiconductor material with poor conductivity, the photoelectron vacancy formed in photocatalysis is more likely to compound, and the moving speed of photocarrier is slow, so its photocatalytic performance still has a lot of room to improve. Therefore, this article USES and molybdenum disulfide with similar structure, and on the microcosmic morphology and crystal structure of macro matching with molybdenum disulfide, the electrical performance have complementary less layers of graphene as matrix, using the synergy of composite substrate and the second phase, the molybdenum disulfide even less closely adhere to the surface of layers of graphene, thus forming a kind of composite photocatalyst. This composite material combines the excellent properties of graphene and molybdenum disulfide. For example, it has the advantage of reasonable and adjustable band gap width of molybdenum disulfide, so it has a good visible light absorption performance. At the same time, the excellent conductivity of graphene greatly reduces the chance of recombination of photogenerated electron vacancy pairs, and speeds up the propagation speed of carriers, thus significantly improving the photocatalytic performance. In the future, combining traditional catalysts with new materials to form composite catalysts will be the way to improve the catalytic performance of existing traditional catalysts.Due to the limitation of epidemic situation, this paper failed to fully characterize the performance of the prepared composite catalyst, so some experimental results were based on the results obtained and the predicted results obtained from relevant literatures.

Key Words:、MoS₂; Photocatalyst;; Few-layer graphene; Composite materials；

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 MoS₂复合少层石墨烯光催化剂 2

1.2.1 MoS₂所具有的特性 2

1.2.2 少层石墨烯概况 2

1.2.3 MoS₂复合少层石墨烯光催化剂的工作原理 3

1.2.4 光催化有效分解水对催化剂材料的要求 4

1.2.5 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯光催化活性的影响因素 5

1.2.6 提高光催化剂催化性能的基本思路 5

1.2.7 MoS₂复合少层石墨烯光催化剂的制备方法 6

1.2.8 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯的表征手段 7

1.3二硫化钼/少层石墨烯的国内外研究进展和未来的发展趋势 7

1.4本课题拟开展的研究内容和预期目标 8

第二章 实验方法 9

2.1 实验材料 9

2.1.1 主要试剂 9

2.1.2 仪器设备 9

2.2 研究手段 10

2.2.1 材料表征 10

2.2.2 光催化产氢测试装置及测试方法 11

2.3 实验过程 11

2.3.1 少层石墨烯的液相剥离 11

2.3.2 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯复合材料的制备 12

第三章 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯复合材料的表征和性能测试 13

3.1 复合催化剂的表征 13

3.1.1 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯的XRD和拉曼光谱分析 13

3.1.2 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯复合材料的形貌分析 14

3.1.4 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯复合材料的光吸收性能表征 16

3.2 二硫化钼/少层石墨烯复合催化剂的光催化分解水制氢活性 17

3.3 本章小结 17

第四章 结果与展望 18

4.1 总结 18

4.2 展望 18

参考文献 20

致 谢 22

第一章 绪论

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