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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 材料类 > 材料科学与工程 > 正文

从晶体结构分析Al对Mg吸放氢性能的调控毕业论文

 2022-01-06 20:32:53  

论文总字数:20914字

摘 要

作为最有希冀的储氢材料候选者——镁,因吸放氢动力学缓慢、热力学过于稳定导致吸放氢温度过高等缺点限制了它的实用化进程。本课题采用氢化燃烧合成(HCS)和机械球磨(MM)制备Mg-Al储氢合金,并从晶体结构的角度分析了氢致Al对Mg-Al储氢合金吸放氢行为的影响。借助X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)、透射电子显微分析(TEM)以及压力-成分-温度分析(PCT)测试仪研究产物的物相组成、颗粒形貌和吸放氢性能。结果表明,在氢化燃烧合成过程中添加Al能够促进Mg的氢化反应。随着Al含量的增加,Mg-Al储氢合金的脱氢温度逐渐降低,其中Mg90Al10的脱氢峰值温度为364 ℃,较纯MgH2降低了40 ℃多。Al的添加能够有效提高Mg的吸放氢速率,Mg90Al10合金能够在1200 s内,在250 ℃下吸收6.17 wt% H2,能够在3000 s内,在300 ℃下释放5.34 wt% H2。在脱氢反应过程中,Al固溶到Mg中形成Mg(Al) 固溶体,并进入了Mg17Al12的晶格间隙中,导致晶格常数发生改变,产生晶格应力,促进MgH2的脱氢。原位生成的Al在MgH2中分散均匀,能够有效缩短MgH2和Al之间反应路径,且Al会与MgH2反应生成Al12Mg17,改变脱氢反应路径,从而提高吸放氢性能。

关键词:镁铝储氢合金 氢化燃烧合成法 镁氢化物 动力学 储氢性能

ABSTRACT

As the most promising candidate for hydrogen storage materials, magnesium, however due to its high hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature, poor hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics and overhigh thermodynamics, its practical application has been hindered. Based on the advantages of time-saving, energy-saving and high-activity products of Hydriding Combustion Synthesis (HCS) and mechanical milling (MM), we uses the HCS MM method to prepare Mg-Al alloy and analyze the effect of in-situ formed Al on Mg-Al alloy. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pressure-component-temperature (PCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize and investigate the hydrogen storage properties and microstructure of the as-prepared samples.The results show that the addition of Al during hydrogenation combustion synthesis can promote the hydrogenation reaction of Mg. As the Al content increases, the dehydrogenation temperature of the Mg-Al hydrogen storage alloy gradually decreases. The peak dehydrogenation temperature of Mg90Al10 is 364 ℃, which is 40 ℃ lower than pure MgH2. The addition of Al can effectively increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of Mg. Mg90Al10 alloy can absorb 6.17 wt% H2 at 250 ℃ in 1200 s and release 5.34 wt% H2 at 3000 ℃ in 3000 s. In the process of dehydrogenation, there forms Mg(Al) solid solution and Al enters into the lattice gap of Mg17Al12, resulting in the change of lattice constant and lattice stress. The in-situ formed Al is well dispersed in MgH2, which can effectively shorten the reaction path between MgH2 and Al. Al reacts with MgH2 to form Mg17Al12, which can change the dehydrogenation reaction path, so as to improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance.

Key words: Mg-Al hydrogen storage alloys; Hydriding combustion synthesis; Magnesium Hydride; Dynamics; Hydrogen storage properties

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 储氢方式和储氢合金的分类 1

1.2.1 气态储氢 2

1.2.2 液态储氢 2

1.2.3 固态储氢 2

1.2.4 有机物液体储氢 3

1.3 镁基储氢合金的研究现状 3

1.3.1 镁基储氢材料的结构与特性 3

1.3.2 合金化改善镁基储氢材料的研究现状 5

1.4 镁铝储氢合金的研究进展 6

1.5 问题的提出与本文的研究内容 7

第二章 实验方法 8

2.1 实验原料 8

2.2 Mg-Al储氢合金样品制备 8

2.2.1 HCS制备过程 8

2.2.2 MM制备过程 10

2.3 Mg-Al储氢合金结构与性能分析 10

2.3.1 X射线衍射分析 10

2.3.2 扫描电子显微镜分析 10

2.3.3 储氢性能测试设备—DSC 10

2.3.4 储氢性能测试设备—PCT 11

第三章 结果与分析 13

3.1 Mg-Al合金的物相组成和吸放氢性能 13

3.2 从晶体结构分析Al对Mg-Al合金的影响 17

第四章 结论与展望 21

4.1 结论 21

4.2 对将来工作的建议和展望 21

参考文献 22

致谢 24

第一章 绪论

1.1 引言

现阶段,人类日常生活和生产活动所需能源依旧主要来源于传统的化石燃料(约80%),随之也带来像能源危机、空气污染和温室效应等系列问题[1]。为此,需开发无污染且可持续的新型能源,以解全人类尤其是一些石油资源匮乏的国家一个眉睫之急。

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