摘 要

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 防弹材料的重要性 1

1.3 现代防弹材料的发展和研究进展 1

1.4 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE) 2

1.5 三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM） 3

1.6 防弹材料防弹机理 4

1.6.2挠性防弹机理 7

第二章 三元乙丙橡胶硫化工艺研究 9

2.1 实验原材料及助剂 9

2.2 实验设备及仪器 9

2.3 实验步骤 9

2.4 三元乙丙橡胶硫化体系选择 10

2.5 实验结果与分析 11

2.5.1 DSC结果分析 11

2.5.2 DCP对EPDM力学性能的影响 13

2.5.3 TAIC对EPDM力学性能的影响 14

2.6 本章小结 14

第三章 UHMWPE/EPDM复合材料制备与性能研究 16

3.1 实验原材料及助剂 16

3.2 实验设备及仪器 16

3.3 橡胶配方 16

3.4 实验步骤 17

3.5 实验结果与分析 19

3.5.1 TAIC含量对UHMWPE/EPDM复合材料拉伸性能的影响 19

3.5.2 TAIC含量对UHMWPE/EPDM复合材料剥离性能的影响 20

3.6 本章小结 20

第四章 结论与展望 21

参考文献 22

致谢 24

摘 要

现在防弹装备的主流材料是纤维增强复合材料，因为其卓越的力学性能和便携舒适的特性，使得其并不输于传统的金属防弹材料。防弹用纤维增强复合材料是将强韧性纤维和一定的树脂基体进行复合，制成板材或者片材来使用。在纤维增强复合材料中，树脂基体是复合材料中重要组成部分，复合材料的力学性能以及环境适应性等与树脂基体的特性和含量、基体与纤维的界面结合状态密切相关。树脂基体在纤维增强复合材料中必须起到均匀载荷、保护纤维并且需要协同纤维一起伸张、断裂的作用，使得纤维增强复合材料能够最大限度地吸收投射物的冲击动能，从而起到防弹、抗震的功能。

本论文选择超高分子量聚乙烯纤维（UHMWPE纤维）作为纤维增强复合材料的增强材料，探讨了三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）作为基体制备纤维增强复合材料的工艺和力学性能。本论文首先研究了交联剂（过氧化二异丙苯，DCP）和助交联剂（三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯，TAIC）含量对交联EPDM力学性能的影响；然后制备了UHMWPE/EPDM纤维预浸料，通过热压工艺制备了UHMWPE/EPDM纤维复合材料，研究了助交联剂对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，EPDM在使用过氧化物体系作为硫化体系下，当DCP含量为0.4%，TAIC含量为4%时，三元乙丙橡胶的力学性能达到最佳值，拉伸强度为4.52MPa。当复合材料中含胶量约为60%时，交联剂DCP质量含量为0.4%、助交联剂TAIC质量含量为2%的体系，在140℃/2h 170℃/0.5h条件下固化，UHMWPE/EPDM复合材料的拉伸强度为197MPa、断裂延伸率为9.7%、剥离强度为1.95N/mm。

关键词：UHMWPE，三元乙丙橡胶，复合材料，拉伸性能，剥离强度

Abstract

Now,fiber-reinforced composites become mainstream bulletproof equipment material.Because of its superior mechanical properties and portable and cozy features,it is not inferior to traditional metal bulletproof materials.This sort of material is compounded using soft fibers and quantitative resin matrix and formed plate or sheet through molding process.Resin matrix is an important part of composites.The mechanical properties and usage environment of composites closely related to the properties and content of the resin matrix as well as interface effect between the matrix and fiber.In fiber reinforced composites,resin matrix must play a role that uniform load and protect fiber as well as is concerted with fiber in stretching and fracture to maximize the absorption of impact energy, thus play a bulletproof, seismic function.

The paper chooses ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers (UHMWPE fibers) as reinforcing material in fiber-reinforced composite materials.and discusses technology and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites that consist of EPDM rubber (EPDM) as matrix. This thesis studied that the contents of vulcanizing agent (dicumyl peroxide, DCP) and cross-linking agent (triallyl isocyanurate, TAIC) affect on the mechanical properties of cross-linked EPDM;firstly,I prepared UHMWPE / EPDM fiber prepreg,then prepared by hot-pressing process UHMWPE / EPDM fiber composite, and studied the effects of cross-linking agent on the mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed,under using peroxide system as the vulcanizing system,when DCP content is 0.4%, TAIC content is 4%, the mechanical properties of EPDM achieve the best that the tensile strength of 4.52MPa. When rubber content of the composite is about 60 percent, the vulcanizing agent DCP quality content is 0.4% and the cross-linking agent TAIC quality content 1%, vulcanized at 140℃/2h 170℃/0.5h conditions,the UHMWPE/EPDM composite’s tensile strength is 197MPa, elongation at break is 9.7%,peeling strength was 1.95N/mm.

Key word: UHMWPE; EPDM; Composites; Tensile properties; T-peel strength