船舶电站动态网络重构的配电网优化运行策略毕业论文
2021-11-09 21:40:46
摘 要
近年来,随着风力、太阳能等多种再生能源和非可再生能源已经被引入到各行各业,船舶的动力和日常用电也不例外。所以船舶动力电站已经发展成为多种可再生能源所共同构成的一个电力传输网络。随着多种可再生能源以分布式发电的方式接入到配电网的局部地方,可能在配电网局部的部分时间段之内,会在局部导致可再生分布式电源的渗透率可能超过100%的情况以及过电压问题,进而影响到局部配电网对可再生分布式电源的综合消纳和利用能力。本文相关研究的结果对于研究和解决该领域的问题无疑具有重要的意义。
论文主要是研究了一种船舶动态网络重构的主动配电网优化系统运行模型,此优化模型的特点是以提升主动配电网的消纳能力,以综合运行条件的成本和消纳率为主要设计目标,综合地将DNR和无功补偿装置SVC等可调资源考虑到模型当中,在能够完全满足主动配电网正常运行的前提下,提升主动配电网的RDG消纳率。由于创建的优化模型中包含非线性的非常复杂的问题,所以进行模型优化是一个复杂的混合整数非凸非线性的规划处理问题,在物理和数学上非常的难求其解。本文是利用的二阶锥松弛法和变量的乘积线性化将复杂问题简单化,通过这种方法可以将模型中的问题进行简化处理,将模型中存在的非凸源问题进行凸化处理,将原始非凸优化模型转化为一个关于混合整数二阶锥的问题,从而降低了求解的困难和复杂程度。最后再通过采用一个扩展的IEEE33节点系统对模型进行了仿真和计算。
研究的结果表明:建立的该模型,经过算例系统的仿真验证了,动态网络重构比优静态网络对配电网网损的处理效果更好,而且在RDG的渗透率较高的时候,开关动作次数的约束可以显著提高配电网RDG消纳的能力,进而改善配电网运行的状态。通过快速调整配电的开关进而调整配电网的网络结构,可以更有效地来应对RDG与负荷的变化。收益较小的时候,开关状态并不会发生变化,网络的拓扑结构也不变网络开关动作次数的约束可以自动进行剔除收益较少方案,实现了网络重构方案带来的经济性。
本文的研究特色:对于怎样提升主动配电网对可再生分布式电源的消纳能力优化方面的应用研究更加深入,将小时级的DNR引入主动配电网优化的运行机制,考虑DNR的主动配电网的运行情况采用优化的策略,这样可以有效的提高主动配电网的小时级RDG消纳的能力。
关键词:主动配电网;网络重构;可再生分布式电源
Abstract
In recent years, with the wind, solar energy and other renewable and non-renewable energy has been introduced to all walks of life, ship power and daily use of electricity is no exception. So Marine Power Station has developed into a power transmission network composed of various renewable energy sources. As a variety of renewable energy sources are connected to local parts of the distribution network in a distributed manner, it is possible that within a local part of the distribution network, it will lead to the situation that the penetration rate of RDG may exceed 100% and the overvoltage problem, which will affect the comprehensive absorption and utilization of RDG in local distribution network. The results of the relevant research in this paper are undoubtedly of great significance to the research and solution of the problems in this field.
This paper mainly studies an active distribution network optimization system operation model of ship dynamic network reconfiguration. The characteristic of this optimization model is to enhance the absorptive capacity of active distribution network, taking the cost and the absorption rate of the comprehensive operating conditions as the main design objective, the adjustable resources such as DNR and SVC are comprehensively taken into account in the model, under the premise that the normal operation of the active distribution network can be fully satisfied, improvement of RDG cancellation rate in active distribution network. Because of the nonlinear and very complex problems in the optimization model, the model optimization is a complex mixed integer non-convex nonlinear programming problem, which is very difficult to solve in physics and mathematics. In this paper, the second-order cone relaxation method and the product linearization of variables are used to simplify the complex problem. By using this method, the problems in the model can be simplified and the non-convex source problems in the model can be convex treated, the original non-convex optimization model is transformed into a mixed integer second-order cone problem, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of the solution. Finally, the model is simulated and calculated by an extended IEEE33 node system.
The results show that the proposed model is more effective than the optimal static network in dealing with distribution network losses, and when the penetration rate of RDG is high, the dynamic network reconfiguration is more effective than the static network reconfiguration, the restriction of switching frequency can improve the capacity of RDG cancellation, but not the operation state of distribution network. The network structure of distribution network can be adjusted by quickly adjusting the switch of distribution network to deal with the change of RDG and load more effectively. When the profit is small, the switch state will not change, and the network topology will not change. The constraint of network switching times can automatically reject the scheme with less profit, which realizes the economy brought by the network reconstruction scheme.
The research features of this paper are: How to improve the active distribution network to optimize the capacity of renewable distributed generation (RDG) more in-depth application research, the introduction of hourly DNR into the active distribution network optimization mechanism, considering the DNR operation of active distribution network, an optimization strategy is adopted, which can effectively improve the hourly RDG cancellation capability of active distribution network.
Key Words:Active Distribution Network; network reconfiguration; renewable distributed power supply.
目录
摘 要 i
Abstract iii
第1章 绪论 1
1.1研究的目的及意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 2
1.3本文主要研究内容和技术方案 4
1.3.1研究内容 4
1.3.2 技术方案 5
第2章 船舶动态网络重构的配电网优化运行模型 7
2.1网络重构的概述 7
2.2船舶动态网络重构目标函数 8
2.2.1配电网络结构 8
2.2.2潮流方程的节点注入模型 9
2.2.3目标函数 10
2.2.4约束条件 10
2.3本章小结 12
第3章 模型转化 13
3.1引言 13
3.2潮流方程的二阶锥松弛转化 13
3.3变量乘积的线性转化 15
3.4本章小结 16
第4章 算法分析 18
4.1测试平台 18
4.2仿真对比与结果分析 20
4.2.1引言 20
4.2.2静态网络重构对配电网运行水平的提升 20
4.2.3 DNR对配电网运行水平的提升 21
4.2.4开关动作次数约束的影响 22
4.3本章小结 23
第5章 总结与展望 24
5.1论文总结 24
5.2展望 25
参考文献 26
致谢 28
第1章 绪论
1.1研究的目的及意义
如今,为了保护环境,提高空气质量,解决可再生能源的缺乏与减少工业废气的排放,我国已经进一步开始了大力发展适用于太阳能和风能综合发电等清洁的可再生能源。依据我国发布的各项政策与措施,我国今后依然一定要在政策上继续坚持大力发展适用于太阳能和风力发电等分布式发电的可再生清洁能源,通过各种的措施与管理方法来促进和实现可再生清洁能源的综合开发与消纳。进一步发展清洁能源例如风能和太阳能等如今已经被广泛的引入应用到了各行各业中,船舶的动力和日常的用电也不例外。所以现在部分的船舶动力电站已经发展成为多种清洁能源所构成的分布式电力消纳利用网络。在这种多能源网络构成的清洁电网的概念和模式下如何有效的进行船舶配电,如何有效的保障整个配电网的安全和稳定性,以及确保所有船舶在安全正常情况下使船舶运行的成本达到最低和效率达到最高等等的问题都十分突出。随着多种清洁能源以分布式能源来发电的概念和方式被广泛应用到整个配电网当中,但是在配电网局部的时间段内,由于配电网局部地方可能会出现可再生分布式电源(Renewable Distributed Generation,RDG)的渗透率超过100%的异常状况,使配电网发生严重的过电压问题,进而就可能会直接影响整个配电网对可再生分布式能源的消纳利用能力。为了有效解决严重的船舶过电压问题而直接导致整个配电网的严重影响消纳能力,部分的学者就已经提出了对动态网络重构的概念和方法。这种优化运行方法是用于创建一种综合考虑基于DNR的主动配电网优化模型,主要是把主动配电网的最低综合运行成本为其目标,综合地考虑到可再生分布式电源、DNR控制开关和无功功率补偿控制装置等配电网的可调资源,在完全满足主动配电网综合运行条件和成本前提下显著大大提高主动配电网的RDG消纳率。通过建立此综合模型,可以很大程度降低主动配电网的综合运行的成本和提高消纳率,当对RDG的渗透率比较高的情况时候,DNR控制开关可以很大程度上地提高主动配电网的对RDG消纳率的水平,进而将主动配电网正常运行的状态很大程度改善。在此模型中所综合考虑涉及到的控制开关动作的次数和运行约束,可以自动将成本收益较少的重构配电网方案去除,进而大大提高配电网络重构方案所带来的成本经济性。
1.2国内外研究现状