摘 要

转向节的设计是为了承受汽车的前负荷。转向节是汽车方向盘的主要部件之一，它连接到悬架的车辆，前轴，转向系统和刹车，起到使汽车转向的功能。本文先对汽车发展进程进行了解，并研究国内汽车市场对转向节发展趋势和现状的需求，用CATIA V5对汽车转向节进行零件建模，然后导入ANSYS。用有限元结构优化设计和分析技术方法，分析了某种型号的转向节的约束、结构、载荷情况以及强度条件，开展对转向节强度的分析和优化设计。论文的主要工作和成果如下：

1. 在CATIA中利用零件设计模块建立转向节实体模型，CATIA零件设计模块可在直观和高效的环境下设计零件。CATIA零件设计模块提供一种混合建模方法。广泛使用灵活的布尔运算和相关功能，该产品可以为用户提供多种设计方法，快速高效地解决问题。
2. 将CATIA零件模型转化为model格式导入ANSYS软件中，转向节的强度分析通过使用结构静态分析模块进行。根据车辆的三种典型工作条件，分析了转向节的约束和载荷。 ANSYS结构静态模块可以得到各种工况下的应力云和应变云图，并分析了各种操作条件下转向节的载荷条件和应力分析，以说明转向节满足强度要求。

3.根据得到应力云图进行分析，对转向节优化提出建议。主要目的是减轻重量,并且在满足边界约束条件的情况下满足转向节强度、刚度,利用优化设计模块对转向节的各部分进行结构优化，并对转向节有应力集中的部分进行改善，提出可行的改进建议。

最后对文章进行总结，对进一步研究进行展望。

关键词：转向节，CATIA，ANSYS，强度分析，应力云图

Abstract

The knuckle is designed to withstand the front load of the car. The steering knuckle is one of the main parts on the steering wheel of the car. It is connected to the suspension of the vehicle, the front axle, the steering system and the brake, Leaving the car. In this paper, we first understand the development process of the automobile and study the development trend and current situation of the steering wheel in the domestic automobile market. We use CATIA V5 to model the car steering knuckle and then import it into ANSYS. The finite element structure optimization design and analysis techniques are used to analyze the constraints, structure, load conditions and strength conditions of a certain type of knuckle, and carry on the analysis and optimization design of the knuckle strength. The main work and achievements of the paper are as follows:

1. In CATIA using the part design module to establish the steering section solid model, CATIA parts design module can be intuitive and efficient environment design parts. The CATIA part provides a hybrid modeling method for designing parts. Extensive use of flexible Boolean operations and associated features, the product can provide users with a variety of design methods, fast and efficient solution to the problem.

2. The CATIA part model is transformed into the model format into the ANSYS software, and the steering section strength analysis is carried out by using the structural static analysis module. According to the three typical working conditions of the vehicle driving, the constraint and load of the steering knuckle are analyzed. The stress cloud and the strain cloud diagram under various working conditions are obtained by ANSYS structural static module, and the steering Section of the load conditions and stress analysis, to explain the knuckle to meet the strength requirements.

 3. Optimize the design of the steering knuckle by ANSYS optimization design module. The main purpose is to reduce the weight, and to meet the requirements of the boundary constraints to meet the knuckle strength, stiffness, the use of optimization design module to the knuckle of the various parts of the structural optimization, and the steering section of the stress concentration of the part of the proposed improvement Suggestions for improvement.

Finally, the article summarizes the prospects for further research.

Key words: steering knuckle, CATIA, ANSYS, strength analysis, stress cloud

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 汽车发展状况及选题意义 1

1.2 转向节研究现状和发展趋势 1

1.3 文章主要任务 2

第2章 转向节建模 3

2.1 CATIA软件介绍 3

2.2 利用CATIA对转向节进行实体建模 4

2.3 ANSYS软件介绍 5

2.4 模型导入ANSYS及材料属性设定 6

2.5 单元选择与网格划分 7

2.6 边界条件处理 9

2.7 本章小结 10

第3章 转向节强度分析 11

3.1 引言 11

3.2 越过不平路面工况 12

3.3 紧急制动工况 14

3.4 转向侧滑工况 16

3.5 组合工况 19

3.6 本章小结 21

第四章 总结与展望 22

参考文献 23

致谢 24

第1章 绪论