基于KMV模型的住房抵押贷款证券化定价研究毕业论文
2020-04-13 11:46:47
摘 要
定价是住房抵押贷款证券中非常重要的问题。研究住房抵押贷款证券化定价有利于认识住房抵押贷款证券价值的基本构成。合理的定价应该是使证券化产品准确反映市场状况和风险溢价,如果证券的风险报酬不匹配,那么科学的交易制度和信用体系就无法建立,导致整个MBS市场资源配置效率较低。因此,探究住房抵押贷款证券化定价问题具有较强的理论价值和现实意义。
本文的研究目的在于通过比较不同的证券定价模型和风险度量方法,在研究MBS 违约风险和提前偿付行为的基础上,构建定价模型并对中国MBS产品进行实例研究,以探讨定价和不同风险之间的关系,为中国MBS产品定价提出建议和对策。
本文的研究结构主要如下:在查阅大量文献的基础上,运用证券定价和违约风险度量理论,构建基于违约风险溢价的现金流贴现模型,以工元2017年第五期个人住房抵押贷款资产支持证券为研究对象进行实例分析,发现MBS的优先级别对风险定价有较大的影响,提前偿付率的大小对违约风险的影响相对较小,同时按证券面值平价发行并不能完全体现证券的真正价值。最后,本文依据前面的研究和实例分析对中国MBS风险防范和定价提出建议。
在研究方法上,本文修正了传统的静态利差法,在研究中利用KMV模型计算预期违约率,并通过数学期望的方法转换为风险价格,运用三阶段样条估计法确定基准利率,将基准利率加上违约风险溢价作为贴现率,然后对现金流进行不同提前偿付率下的调整,通过现金流贴现得到证券价格。
关键词:KMV模型;样条估计;证券定价
Abstract
Pricing is a very important issue in mortgage backed securitiy and studying the pricing is helpful to understand the basic composition of the value of mortgage-backed security. The reasonable pricing should accurately reflect the market situation and risk premium. If the risk and compensation of the securities do not match, the scientific trading and credit system can not be established, resulting in the low allocation efficiency of MBS market. Therefore, the exploration of pricing of mortgage backed securities makes great senses.
The purpose of this study is to build a pricing model based on the comparison of different security pricing models and risk measurement methods and the analysis of MBS default risk and prepayment behavior. A case study of China's MBS products is carried out to explore the relationship between pricing and different risks. Finally, the paper makes suggestions for risk control and the pricing of China's MBS products.
On the basis of reading a large number of literatures, this paper uses the theory of security pricing and default risk measurement to build a cash flow discount model with the implication of default risk premium, and take a real MBS product as the research object. The case study finds that the priority level of the MBS greatly affect the risk pricing and the impact of the prepayment rate on default risk is relatively small. It also finds the issuing a security priced at face value can not fully reflect the real value of the security. Finally, based on the previous research and case analysis, this paper puts forward suggestions on China's MBS risk prevention and pricing.
This paper revises the traditional static spread method. In the study, KMV model is uesd to calculate the expected default rate which is converted into the risk premium through the mathematical expectation method. The three stage spline method is used to determine the benchmark interest rate. Then add the benchmark interest rate to the default risk premium to create the discount rate. Finally, use the prepayment-adjusted cash flows and the discount rate to get the price of security through discounting of cash flows.
Key words: KMV model; spline method; security pricing
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的和意义 2
1.3国内外研究现状 2
1.3.1影响住房抵押贷款证券定价的因素 3
1.3.2违约风险及其与定价的关系 3
1.3.3住房抵押贷款证券定价方法 4
1.3.4住房抵押贷款证券定价建议 5
1.4研究内容 6
1.5研究方法和技术路线 6
1.5.1研究方法 7
1.5.2技术路线 7
第2章 住房抵押贷款证券化定价理论 8
2.1住房抵押贷款证券化的概念和特点 8
2.2影响住房抵押贷款证券定价的因素 8
2.2.1提前偿付风险 9
2.2.2违约风险 10
2.2.3利率风险 11
2.3住房抵押贷款证券化定价基本原理 11
2.4住房抵押贷款证券化定价方法 12
2.4.1静态现金流贴现法 12
2.4.2静态利差贴现法 13
2.4.3期权定价法 13
2.4.4利率路径模拟法 14
2.5 KMV模型及其在贴现率计算中的应用 16
2.5.1 KMV模型基本假设 16
2.5.2模型的推导及在贴现率确定中的应用 16
2.5.3 KMV模型与其他违约风险模型的比较 18
2.6本章小结 19
第3章 基于违约风险的住房抵押贷款证券定价模型建立 20
3.1违约风险价格 20
3.1.1基于KMV模型的违约概率计算 20
3.1.2基于违约风险溢价的贴现率确定 21
3.2基于样条估计的基准利率确定 22
3.3基于提前偿付的现金流确定 22
3.4住房抵押贷款证券理论价格计算 23
3.5本章小结 23
第4章 实例分析——以“工元2017-5”为例 24
4.1证券基本信息 24
4.2 模型中现金流的确定 25
4.3预期违约率计算 26
4.4基准收益率及违约风险溢价的确定 27
4.5 MBS价格计算 29
4.6测算结果分析 31
4.6.1MBS现金流状况 31
4.6.2MBS违约风险 31
4.6.3不同提前偿付率及优先级下的MBS价格 32
4.7本章小结 32
第5章 总结与对策 33
5.1本文总结 33
5.2对策与建议 33
5.2.1MBS提前偿付风险控制 34
5.2.2MBS违约风险控制 34
5.2.3深化利率市场化改革 35
5.2.4促进数据的可获得性和公开性 35
5.3本章小结 36
参考文献 37
附录 38
附录A证券资产池现金流入分布 38
附A1 6%CPR下证券资产池现金流入分布(单位:元) 38
附A2 12%CPR下证券资产池现金流入分布(单位:元) 40
附录B MBS每月现金流状况 42
附B1 6%CPR下优先A-2级每月现金流状况(单位:元) 42
附B2 12%CPR下优先A-1级每月现金流状况(单位:元) 44
附B3 12%CPR下优先A-2级每月现金流状况(单位:元) 45
附录C MBS价格测算表 47
附C1 6%CPR下优先A-2级MBS价格测算表 47
附C2 12%CPR下优先A-1级MBS价格测算表 49
附C3 12%CPR下优先A-2级MBS价格测算表 50
致谢 52