论文总字数：13715字

摘 要

本文对植物源杀虫剂做了一个简单的介绍，特别是各类杀虫剂的作用机制和效果；通过这些了解到新烟碱类杀虫剂，烟碱直接和乙酰胆碱受体结合，永久性占领了乙酰胆碱受体，并干扰了乙酰胆碱和其它受体结合，从而中断了神经兴奋的传导。特别地了解到该类烟碱类杀虫剂化合物结构可主要分为五个部分：I杂环部分(Het)、II桥键部分、III功能基团部分、IV正电中心部分以及V取代基部分，其中V取代基部分对于药物分子的杀虫活性的高低起到一定的影响作用。以(3R,3aS,6aR)六氢呋喃并[2,3-b]呋喃-3-醇((8))为原料通过酯化反应、SN2亲核取代反应、Pd/C催化还原以及缩合反应制备一系列新型的(3R,3aS,6aR)六氢呋喃并[2,3-b]呋喃烟碱类化合物.对路线中酯化试剂的选择、亲核反应的溶剂、温度和反应时间进行了优化;并且对化合物以蚕豆蚜为靶标进行了活性测试,最后的产物活性相对来说较好。

关键词：酯化反应 亲核取代反应 催化反应 缩合反应 活性测试

The synthesis of new six hydrogen furan neonicotinoid insecticides

Abstract

In this paper, the botanical pesticides made a simple introduction, especially the action mechanism and effect of all kinds of pesticides;Learned through these new neonicotinoid insecticides and nicotine acetylcholine receptors directly, and permanent occupied the acetylcholine receptor, and disturbing the acetylcholine receptors, and other, so as to interrupt the transmission of nerve excitement.In particular to understand this kind of neonicotinoid insecticides compound structure can be mainly divided into five parts: part I heterocyclic (Het), bridge key part II, part III functional groups, positive center part IV and part V substituents, part V substituent for insecticidal activity of the drug molecules play a role. First, the definition, significance, research emphases and status of NC machining verification technology are introduced in this paper. Then the platform—ACIS for the development of verification system, including its development interface, data structure, main functions, features and the application in the system is introduced. And, we indicate in brief the correlative knowledge of NC machining and then discuss the definition of the machining environment of NC machining verification system as well as the way that the module has been developed. Finally, we describe how to make Help Files and the structure of the Help Files in the system.

Key Words: esterification; nucleophilic substitution; catalytic reaction; condensation recction; activity tests

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 引言………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 植物源杀虫剂的作用机理…………………………………………………1

1.2 各类杀虫剂的机制及效果…………………………………………………2

1.2.1有机磷类杀虫剂………………………………………………………2

1.2.2聚氨酯类杀虫剂………………………………………………………3

1.2.3新烟碱类杀虫剂………………………………………………………3

1.2.4沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂……………………………………………………3

1.2.5菊酯类杀虫剂…………………………………………………………4

1.2.6吡唑类杀虫剂…………………………………………………………4

1.2.7抗生素类杀虫剂………………………………………………………5

1.3 新型烟碱类杀虫剂的合成工艺研究………………………………………5

1.4 六氢呋喃并[2,3-b]呋喃-3-基衍生物简介…………………………………9第二章 实验部分………………………………………………………………12

2.1 实验主要试剂及仪器………………………………………………………12

2.1.1实验试剂………………………………………………………………12

2.1.2实验仪器及设备………………………………………………………13

2.2 实验步骤……………………………………………………………………14

第三章 结果与讨论……………………………………………………………18

结语 ………………………………………………………………………………19

参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………20

1. 前言

1.1 植物源杀虫剂的作用机理

植物源杀虫剂按照它的作用机制以及反应原理大致上可以分为四种：神经毒剂、呼吸毒剂、消化毒剂和生长调节剂。

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