高产IAA菌株的筛选及其对小麦苗的促生功效评价毕业论文
2021-12-22 21:16:07
论文总字数:18705字
摘 要
目前寻找能够代替化学肥料的生物肥料是当前的热点课题之一。
本次实验中,在南京工业大学较为肥沃的土地,挖取了树木根系土壤5份,一共挑取了51株菌株,经过Salkowski显色剂检测后发现了7株能够产吲哚乙酸的菌株。将这7株菌株通过分光光度法测定其吲哚乙酸的产量得出一株产量最高的菌株,将其命名为NX-11。NX-11菌株在摇床培养后的吲哚乙酸产量为6.657 mg/L,同时发现另外两株能够产吲哚乙酸的菌株,产量分别为5.718 mg/L和5.439 mg/L,将其分别命名为B-1和D-1。将筛选出的三株菌株通过水稻苗促生实验,评价其促生功效。研究发现,NX-11具有良好的促生功效,相较于对照组,NX-11对植物茎和根系具有良好的促生作用,NX-11处理过的实验组根系较为旺盛,长势都较好。
在此基础上本实验还对NX-11菌株的培养条件做了一定的优化。氮源使用10 g/L的酵母粉,碳源使用10 g/L的葡萄糖,加入10 g/L的氯化钠,调节pH至7.5,在30℃条件下摇床培养24 h,培养效果最好。优化NX-11培养条件后,NX-11菌株的吲哚乙酸产量提高到了13.363 mg/L。
关键词: 生物肥料 吲哚乙酸 水稻苗促生 培养优化
Abstract
Nowadays, searching for biological fertilizers that can replace chemical fertilizers is one of the current hot topics.
In this experiment, in the fertile land of Nanjing University of Technology, 5 soils of tree roots were excavated, and a total of 51 strains were picked. After testing with Salkowski chromogen, 7 strains capable of producing indoleacetic acid were found. The seven strains were measured for their indoleacetic acid production by spectrophotometry to obtain a strain with the highest yield, which was named NX-11. The production of indoleacetic acid of NX-11 strain after shaking culture was 6.657 mg/L, and two other strains capable of producing indoleacetic acid were found, with the yields of 5.718 mg/L and 5.439 mg/L, respectively. It is B-1 and D-1. The selected three strains were passed through the rice seedling growth promotion experiment to evaluate their growth promotion efficacy. The study found that NX-11 has a good growth promoting effect. Compared with the control group, NX-11 has a good growth promoting effect on plant stems and roots. The experimental group treated with NX-11 has a stronger root system and better growth.
On this basis, the experiment also optimized the cultivation conditions of NX-11 strain. The nitrogen source uses 10 g / L yeast powder, the carbon source uses 10 g/L glucose, 10 g/L sodium chloride is added, the pH is adjusted to 7.5, and the culture effect is the best with a shaker culture at 30℃ for 24 h. After optimizing the culture conditions, the indoleacetic acid production of strain NX-11 increased to 13.363 mg/L.
Key Words: Bio-fertilizer, Indoleacetic acid, Rice growth, Fermentation optimization
目录
摘要 I
第一章、前言 1
1.1 国内水稻生产现状 1
1.2 IAA的作用 2
1.3 微生物的IAA合成途径 3
1.4 IAA的应用现状 5
第二章、实验材料与方法 7
2.1 实验所需的仪器与试剂 7
2.1.1主要仪器 7
2.1.2主要试剂 7
2.1.3所需试剂的配制 7
2.2 高产IAA菌株的筛选(显色法定量测定) 7
2.2.1水稻根际促生菌的分离 8
2.2.2初筛能产IAA的菌株 8
2.3 高产IAA菌株的鉴定 8
2.3.1 IAA产生菌Salkowski试剂和分光光度法复筛 8
2.3.2标准曲线的绘制 8
2.3.3测定IAA菌株吲哚乙酸的产量 8
2.4 IAA产生菌培养条件的优化 8
2.4.1培养时间对菌株产IAA能力的影响 8
2.4.2温度对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 9
2.4.3 pH对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 9
2.4.4碳源对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 9
2.4.5氮源对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 9
2.5高产IAA菌株促进水稻生长的初步探究 9
2.5.1植物材料与生长条件 9
2.5.2菌液促生评价 10
2.6测定水稻苗在不同促生菌添加量下的干重,株高和根长。 10
第三章、结果与讨论 12
3.1 IAA菌株的初筛 12
3.2 IAA产生菌的复筛 12
3.2.1吲哚乙酸标准曲线的绘制 12
3.2.2计算IAA菌株吲哚乙酸产量 13
3.3 IAA产生菌NX-11培养条件的优化 13
3.3.1 培养时间对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 13
3.3.2温度对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 14
3.3.3 pH对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 15
3.3.4碳源对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 15
3.3.5氮源对吲哚乙酸产量的影响 16
3.4 IAA产生菌的促进水稻生长的初步评价 16
第四章、结论与展望 19
4.1结论 19
4.2展望 19
参考文献 20
致谢 22
第一章、前言
农业现代化飞速发展的现在,化学肥料的需求越来越大,但随之而来的是严重的环境问题,如土地结块,土地肥力下降,水体富营养化引起水华现象等。过度使用化学肥料容易在土壤中产生硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐等强致癌物 [1],这不仅污染了土壤还污染了水源,还有可能造成气候变暖等环境问题。因此寻找微生物肥料来代替化学肥料,不仅可以通过减少化学肥料的用量来缓解环境压力,还能做到农作物的增产增收[2]。微生物肥料具有促进植物生长,提高作物产量和品质,改良土壤,抑制病虫害等作用[3]。因此,研究微生物肥料对农业的可持续发展起到重要作用。
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