论文总字数：20960字

摘 要

环境中产生的新兴抗生素耐药细菌和基因，是因在其中存在而未去除的抗生素导致的。氯霉素被广泛应用的原因在于其生产成本低且实用性强等特点。由于大规模的使用氯霉素，其抗菌和耐药基因毒性等一些危害在广范围的水流中被发现。微生物燃料电池（MicrobialFuel Cell，MFC）不仅能够进行能源回收还可以对废水进行处理。通过微生物对有机物的摄取、利用，将化学能直接转为电能。假以时日必能解决环境残留的抗生素和能源短缺这两大类问题。

本文利用微生物燃料电池的阳极室通过不同的方式，即同步驯化和顺序驯化降解氯霉素，通过与空白对照组的比较，实验结果表明：由于同步驯化过程中投加污泥，污泥中可能存在促进产电的菌属，故同步驯化组始终未出现产电抑制现象，产电性能与空白对照组基本一致。而顺序驯化组在驯化中期，由于抗生素浓度增加，而对产电菌有明显的抑制作用，而在后期，由于产电菌对氯霉素逐渐产生抗性，产电性能恢复。同步驯化组对氯霉素的降解效率一直保持在100%。相较于顺序驯化，能有效的降解氯霉素的同时具有较高的产电效率，是可以应用于后续实验中的具有潜力的驯化方式。

关键词: 氯霉素 同步驯化 顺序驯化 微生物燃料电池（MFC)

Research on enhanced degradation of antibiotics in wastewater by bioelectrochemistry

Abstract

Emerging antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes produced in the environment are caused by unremoved antibiotics. Chloramphenicol is widely used because of its low production cost and strong practicability.Due to the large-scale use of chloramphenicol, some hazards such as antibacterial and drug-resistant genotoxicity have been found in a wide range of water flows. Microbial fuel cell (MicrobialFuel Cell,MFC) can not only recover energy but also treat wastewater.Through the uptake and utilization of organic matter by microorganisms, the chemical energy is converted directly into electric energy. In time, we will be able to solve the two major problems of environmental residual antibiotics and energy shortage.

In this paper, chloramphenicol was degraded by using the anode chamber of microbial fuel cell in different ways, that is, synchronous domestication and sequential domestication. Compared with the blank control group, the experimental results showed that due to the addition of sludge in the process of synchronous domestication, There may be bacteria that promote electricity production in the sludge, so there is no inhibition of electricity production in the synchronous acclimation group, and the electricity production performance is basically the same as that in the blank control group.In the sequential acclimation group, due to the increase of antibiotic concentration in the middle stage of domestication, it had an obvious inhibitory effect on the electricity-producing bacteria, but in the later stage, because the electricity-producing bacteria gradually became resistant to chloramphenicol, the electricity-producing performance recovered. The degradation efficiency of chloramphenicol in the synchronous acclimation group was kept at 100%. Compared with sequential acclimation, it can degrade chloramphenicol effectively and have higher power production efficiency at the same time. It is a potential domestication method which can be used in follow-up experiments.

Key words:Chloramphenicol; Synchronousdomestication; Sequential domestication;

Microbial Fuel Cell(MFC)

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2 MFC生物阳极降解氯霉素的进展 1

1.2.1 MFC的工作原理 1

1.2.2 氯霉素的降解处理技术 2

1.2.3 阳极材料的研究 3

1.2.4 底物、电子受体及运行参数的研究 3

1.2.5微生物的电子传递机制的研究 3

1.3本课题的创新点 4

第二章 研究方法及内容 5

2.1实验材料 5

2.1.1主要试剂及仪器 5

2.1.2实验装置 6

2.2实验方法 6

2.2.1 MFC的接种及启动运行 6

2.2.2 氯霉素分析方法 7

2.2.3 不同驯化方式的考察 8

2.2.4 电化学分析方法 9

2.2.5 实验内容 9

第三章 结果与讨论 10

3.1 MFC生物阳极降解氯霉素不同驯化方式对产电性能的影响 10

3.2不同驯化方式对氯霉素降解效率的影响 11

3.3不同驯化方式对MFC运行期间电化学性质的影响 12

第四章 结论与展望 17

4.1结论 17

4.2 展望 17

参考文献 18

致谢 22

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