论文总字数：18233字

摘 要

吸附法是用来处理水中有机污染物的主要方法之一，凹凸棒土具有良好的分散性能，耐温性能以及高效的吸附脱色性能，受到众多学者对其有机物吸附性能的研究。但凹凸棒土颗粒细小，在实际使用过程中固液分离困难，造成流失现象严重。

本论文制备了Fe-Mn磁性凹凸棒土，并采用BET，红外，XRD等手段对制备的磁性凹凸棒土进行表征分析，得到制备的Fe-Mn磁性凹凸棒土的各衍射峰型与Fe-Mn磁性粒子峰型一致，且原土处于大孔范围，经处理后孔径变小，属于中孔，且制备的磁性凹凸棒土的比表面积较原凹凸棒土有所降低，总孔容也有所降低。并以亚甲基蓝为例，研究其吸附动力学和吸附热力学的吸附性能。实验结果表明，在相同温度条件下，不同的浓度亚甲基蓝溶液，都具有相似的趋势，大多数吸附会在前60分钟完成，几乎所有的亚甲基蓝会在70分钟全部被吸附，接近饱和状态。在相同时段，不同浓度下，浓度越大，磁性凹凸棒的吸附容量越大。在相同浓度下，不同吸附环境的温度下，亚甲基蓝的吸附量基本处于相同的趋势，同种浓度下，温度高的吸附量要大于温度低的，可见升温有益于吸附的进行。同时，在温度相同时，当浓度上升，吸附量也会持续上升。在外加磁力的作用下，磁性凹凸棒土可快速实现固液分离，然而原凹凸棒土静置2h仍不能固液分离，因此Fe-Mn磁性凹凸棒土解决了原凹凸棒土难以固液分离的问题，为后续磁性凹凸棒土应用于工程实际提供了理论依据。

关键词：凹凸棒土 磁性 吸附 亚甲基蓝Preparation and performance of magnetic attapulgite for absorption

Abstract

Adsorption method is one of the main methods used to treat organic pollutants in water. The capitulate clay has good dispersion performance, high temperature resistance performance and high efficiency of adsorption and decolonization performance. Many scholars have studied the adsorption properties of organic compounds. However, the capitulate particles are small and the solid-liquid separation is difficult during the actual use, resulting in serious loss.

In this dissertation, Fe-Mn magnetic capitulate clay was prepared and characterized by means of BET, infrared and XRD. The diffraction peaks of the prepared Fe-Mn magnetic capitulate clay and Fe- were obtained. Mn magnetic particles have the same peak shape, and the original soil is in the macro-pore range. After treatment, the pore diameter becomes smaller and the pore size is lower. The magnetic capitulate has a lower specific surface area than the original capitulate, and the total pore volume is also somewhat reduced. Taking ethylene blue as an example, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption thermodynamic adsorption performance were studied. The experimental results show that (the conditions of the following results, such as the concentration of methyl blue, temperature, etc.), under the same temperature conditions, different concentrations of methyl blue solution, have a similar trend, most of the adsorption will be completed in the first 60 minutes, almost All of the methyl blue will be adsorbed at 70 minutes and will be nearly saturated. In the same period, at different concentrations, the greater the concentration, the greater the adsorption capacity of the magnetic capitulate. At the same concentration, the adsorbed amount of methyl blue is basically in the same trend under the different adsorption environment temperature. Under the same concentration, the adsorption amount of high temperature is higher than that of low temperature, which shows that the heating is beneficial to the adsorption (There is not one Saturation at the point, or under conditions of monounsaturated, the higher the initial concentration of methyl blue, the greater the amount of adsorption. (Concentration is described in terms of height, and the amount of adsorption is described by size)). At the same time, when the temperature is the same, as the concentration increases, the amount of adsorption will continue to rise. (resumed) Magnetic attapulgite clay can quickly achieve solid-liquid separation under the action of external magnetic force. However, the original capitulate clay still cannot be separated by solid-liquid separation for 2 h. Therefore, Fe-Mn magnetic capitulate solves the problem of difficult solid-liquid separation of the original capitulate, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent application of the magnetic capitulate to engineering practice.

Keywords: Capitulate; Magnetism; Adsorption; Methyl blue

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目 录 III

第一章 引言 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 吸附法 1

1.3 凹凸棒土 2

1.3.1材料特性 2

1.3.2改性方法 3

1.4 磁性材料的制备方法 4

1.4.1 溶胶-凝胶法 4

1.4.2 化学共沉淀法 4

1.4.3前驱体-热解法 5

1.4.4 水热法 5

1.4.5自蔓延高温燃烧合成法 5

1.4.6 微乳液法 5

1.4.7 模板法 5

1.5 本课题研究的内容和意义 6

第二章 实验材料及方法 13

2.1 材料与试剂 13

2.2 仪器与设备 13

2.3 磁性凹凸棒土的实验过程 14

2.3.1 Fe-Mn/壳聚糖/凹凸棒土的制备 14

2.3.2 Fe-Mn/壳聚糖/凹凸棒土吸附性能的实验 15

第三章 结果与分析 18

3.1材料的表征 18

3.1.1 XRD分析 18

3.1.2 BET分析 18

3.1.3 红外分析 19

3.2 吸附动力学 20

3.3吸附热力学 23

3.4 吸附剂的分离效果 25

第四章结论与展望 27

参考文献 28

致谢 28

第一章 引言

1.1 研究背景

随着科技的发展，社会的进行，人民物质生活水平得以提高改善。但随之带来的是更为严重的环境污染问题。以工业企业为例，工业的快速发展，导致其生产过程中产生的废水量随之提高。该类废水一般具有高COD，高色度，不易降解，有毒且异味较大。若无法得到有效处理，将对周边居民、环境产生较大影响，甚至破坏生态平衡。因此，寻求快速，合理，高效，循坏的水处理技术已经刻不容缓。

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：18233字