D001树脂负载LDH纳米片净化水体中Pb离子的性能研究毕业论文
2022-01-16 18:49:23
论文总字数:17404字
摘 要
为了防止含铅废水对人类健康与自然环境造成严重危害,人们已经开发出多种重金属废水处理技术。本研究将粉末状的钴铁氧化物负载于大孔的聚苯乙烯树脂D001阳离子交换树脂孔道内,制备新型的复合吸附剂,结合金属氧化物对铅的特异吸附能力和大颗粒载体优良的水力学性能更加高效的去除废水中铅离子。通过TEM和XRD表征可以证实Co/Fe氧化物以纳米颗粒的形式负载在D001孔内:在2θ=30.11°、35.47°、43.19°、53.54°、57.15°、62.63°出现FeCo2O4的衍射峰;CoFe-D001的对铅离子吸附量几乎不受温度影响,最大吸附容量约为380mg/g;在Ca2 和Na 竞争实验中对铅离子表现出良好的吸附选择性;CoFe-D001的吸附效果随pH的增大而增大;在动力学实验中,4小时就达到吸附平衡;CoFe-D001能反复再生使用,脱附率在85%以上;柱吸附实验中,5ml/BV的条件下,3000BV才达到穿透点,可见CoFe-D001具有稳定的结构和十分优秀的动态吸附性能。
关键词: 吸附 除铅 树脂基 复合吸附剂
ABSTRACT
In order to prevent lead wastewater from causing serious harm to human health and natural environment, many heavy metal wastewater treatment technologies have been developed.In this study, powdery cobalt-iron LDH was loaded into the pore channels of macroporous polystyrene resin D001 cation exchange resin,prepare a new type of complex adsorbent,Combined with the special adsorption capacity of metal oxides on lead and the excellent hydraulic properties of large particle carriers, the purpose of more efficient and environmentally friendly removal of lead ions in wastewater can be achieved. It can be confirmed by TEM and XRD that Co/Fe oxide is loaded in the form of nanoparticles in hole D001: FeCo2O4 diffraction peaks appear in 2 theta =30.11°, 35.47°, 43.19°, 53.54°, 57.15° and 62.63°; The adsorption capacity of CoFe-D001 was almost unaffected by temperature, and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 380mg/g. In the competition experiments of Ca2 and Na , lead ions showed good adsorption selectivity. The adsorption effect of CoFe-D001 increased with the increase of pH. In the kinetic experiment, adsorption equilibrium was reached in 4 hours. CoFe-D001 can be used repeatedly, and the desorption rate is more than 85%. In the column adsorption experiment, only 3000BV reaches the penetration point under the condition of 5ml/BV, so it can be seen that CoFe-D001has stable structure and excellent dynamic adsorption performance.
Keyword: adsorption lead removal polymer-based composite adsorbent
目录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目录 III
第一章 概述 1
1.1研究的背景 1
1.2 现有含铅废水处理技术 1
1.2.1电解法 1
1.2.2离子交换法 2
1.2.3化学沉淀法 2
1.2.4吸附法 2
1.2.5生物法 3
1.2.6综合法 3
1.3纳米层状双金属氧化物 4
1.3.1介绍 4
1.3.2应用 4
1.3.3技术瓶颈 4
1.3.4本论文的意义 5
第二章 实验部分 7
2.1 实验试剂及仪器 7
2.2 实验方法 8
2.2.1CoFe-D001的合成 8
2.2.2等温吸附实验 8
2.2.3 pH值影响实验 9
2.2.4吸附动力学实验 9
2.2.5竞争吸附实验 9
2.2.6静态脱附及脱附再生实验 10
2.2.7柱吸附实验 11
2.3分析及计算 11
2.3.1吸附量 11
2.3.2脱附率 11
第三章 实验结果与讨论 12
3.1吸附剂的表征 12
3.2等温吸附实验结果分析 13
3.3pH吸附实验结果分析 16
3.4动力学吸附实验结果分析 16
3.5竞争吸附实验结果分析 18
3.6静态吸附及脱附再生实验结果分析 19
3.7柱吸附实验结果分析 20
第四章 总结与展望 21
4.1 总结 21
4.2 展望 22
参考文献 23
致谢 26
概述
1.1研究的背景
我国高速发展的当下,铅是许多行业都需要的重要资源之一,铅及其他重金属矿的开采与冶炼、蓄电池工业、玻璃制造业、相关企业产生的“三废”,燃料油与燃料煤的燃烧废气、各类涂料厂等。其中,蓄电池行业是消费大户,年用铅量大于60万t,占总消费量的80 %左右[2];煤电行业向大气所排放的铅含量占燃煤中含铅总量的3.72%[3]。
各行各业所产出的含铅废水废气,通过直接排入河流、大气沉降和物质循环等方式进入人体[4]。铅被人体器官摄取后,将抑制蛋白质的正常合成功能,危害人体中枢神经,造成精神混乱、呆滞,生殖功能障碍、贫血、高血压等慢性疾病,且铅对儿童的危害更大,会影响其智商和正常发育[5]。
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