农村环境污染的问题与对策研究毕业论文
2022-05-12 21:21:00
论文总字数:15532字
摘 要
随着社会主义新农村建设及城镇化发展,农村面貌发生了巨大变化,农民生活条件逐步改善,生活质量不断提高。然而,伴随农村城镇化及农业科技化发展,农村环境却不断恶化,如农药、化肥、畜牧废物、生活垃圾等对农村环境的污染越来越严重,这些水源、空气、土壤等环境污染,在一定程度上制约了农村经济的持续发展。因此,研究农村环境污染问题对农村环境保护有积极意义。
本文分析农村环境污染问题现状,深入探讨农村环境污染焦点问题及其原因,如农村焚烧秸秆所导致的空气污染等。并在此基础上借鉴国外经验,提出相应的解决我国农村水污染、空气污染及土壤污染的对策,如通过对水体富营养化的防治,对废气排放的处理措施等,促进农村环境的整治,提高人们的环境保护意识,还我国农村一个良好的生态环境,推动人与环境的和谐发展,进一步推进农村建设走可持续发展的道路。
关键词:农村环境 水源污染 土壤污染 环保监控
The problems and Countermeasures of rural environmental pollution
Abstract
With the development of socialist new rural construction and urbanization development, great changes have taken place in rural areas, farmers living conditions gradually improved, and constantly improve the quality of life.However, with the rural urbanization and agricultural science and technology development, the rural environment continues to worsen, such as pesticides, fertilizers, animal wastes, garbage and other of rural environmental pollution is more and more serious, making the water, air, soil and other environmental pollution, in a certain extent restricts the sustainable development of rural economy.Therefore, the study of rural environmental pollution problem for rural environmental protection has positive significance.
The paper analyzes the current situation of environmental pollution in rural areas, in-depth study of issues of environmental pollution in rural areas and its causes, such as air pollution caused by straw burning in rural areas.And on the basis of reference foreign experience, proposes the corresponding solution countermeasure of our country rural water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution, as by the prevention and treatment of eutrophication of water body eutrophication, on the exhaust emissions of the treatment measures to promote rural environment remediation, improve people's environmental protection awareness, also in the rural areas of our country a good ecological environment, promote the harmonious development of human and environment, to further promote the construction of rural road of sustainable development.
Keywords:rural environment;water pollution;soil pollution;environmental monitoring
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、我国农村环境污染的研究概述 1
(一)我国农村环境污染的研究背景及意义 1
1.研究背景 1
2.研究意义 1
(二)我国农村环境污染研究的相关概念 1
1.水体富营养化 1
2.可吸入颗粒物 1
3.固体废弃物 1
4.重金属污染 2
二、我国农村环境污染的问题分析 3
(一)水污染的问题分析 3
1.水体富营养化 3
2.有毒物污染 3
3.病原微生物污染 4
(二)空气污染的问题分析 4
1.可吸入颗粒物超标 4
2.秸秆焚烧污染 5
3.废气污染 5
(三)土壤污染的问题分析 6
1.土壤板结 6
2.重金属污染 6
3.生活垃圾污染 7
三、农村环境污染的国外经验借鉴及启示 8
(一)国外处理农村环境污染问题的成功经验 8
1.韩国和日本处理农村污染的成功经验 8
(1)将农村环保作为重点,推动城乡均衡发展 8
(2)制定有效的农业财政补贴政策 8
(3)提高基层组织对环境保护的作用 8
2.美国和法国处理农村污染的成功经验 8
(1)设立农村环境保护专项资金 9
(2)实施严格的农村环境监管 9
(3)制订完备、操作性强的农村环保法律 9
(4)提高农村污染治理技术提高公民环保意识 9
(二)国外经验的有益启示 9
1.成熟的农村环保政策体系 10
2.加大农村环保投入 10
3.在城镇化进程中统筹城乡环境保护 10
四、我国农村环境污染的解决对策 11
(一)完善农村环境保护的法律法规建设 11
1.完善《水污染防治法》 11
2.提出预防空气污染的条例 11
3.完善土壤污染防治措施 11
(二)加强环境保护措施 11
1.健全农村水源污染的防治体系 11
2.加强、控制废气排放 12
3.做好土壤污染的预防措施 12
(三)加大宣传力度 13
1.提高农村干部的责任意识 13
2.提高公民的环保意识 13
结 语 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 18
一、我国农村环境污染的研究概述
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