论文总字数：24663字

摘 要

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.1.1背景 1

1.1.2选题依据 2

1.2国内外研究现状与目的 2

1.2.1国外研究现状 2

1.2.2国内研究现状 3

1.2.3研究目的 4

1.3研究思路与内容 4

1.3.1研究思路 4

1.3.2研究内容与方法 4

第二章 国内外老年人心理现状分析 6

2.1国外老年人心理现状分析 6

2.2国内老年人心理现状分析 6

2.3目前所存问题总结 8

第三章 社会福利院老年人抑郁发生率的调研 9

3.1研究对象 9

3.2调查工具 9

3.3研究方法 10

3.4抑郁自评量表结果统计与分析 10

3.4.1不同性别、年龄的抑郁情况统计 10

3.4.2不同婚姻状况的抑郁情况统计 12

3.4.3不同文化程度的抑郁情况统计 12

3.4.4老年人抑郁基本情况小结 12

第四章 老年抑郁情绪的影响因素分析 14

4.1老年人抑郁发生率的单因素分析 15

4.1.1基本数据对抑郁发生率的影响 15

4.1.2生活习惯与健康对抑郁发生率的影响 17

4.1.3自我评价对抑郁发生率的影响 18

4.2社会福利院老年人抑郁情况的相关因素二元逻辑回归分析 18

4.2.1引入变量 18

4.2.2分析结果 19

第五章 结果分析与对策建议 20

5.1研究结果分析讨论 20

5.2相关对策建议 21

5.2.1完善养老机构社会关系建立机制 21

5.2.2预防干预老年人身心健康 22

参考文献 24

致 谢 27

附 录一 28

附 录二 29

社会福利院老人心理健康状况调查分析-以锡林郭勒盟社会福利院为例

摘要

抑郁症状在老年人生活中很常见并可以对健康产生重大影响，由于多种原因养老机构内大多数有抑郁症状的老年人可能仍未得到治疗。为了更有针对性的帮助老年人走出困境，有必要研究老年人抑郁情绪的影响因素。因此本研究试图通过抑郁自评量表（SDS）筛查锡林郭勒盟社会福利院有抑郁情绪的老年人群，并结合自编问卷的统计结果，通过SPSS卡方检验以及逻辑回归方法等，分析可能影响养老机构老年人抑郁发生率的因素。参加调查的老年人中，年龄分布于70～89岁的比例为73%，80～89岁年龄段的老人轻度抑郁的比例为46%，重度抑郁情绪出现在70岁～89岁年龄段，同时各文化程度之间抑郁发生率差别不大。单因素分析各变量中，女性组抑郁发生率高于男性组；有配偶组抑郁发生率高于无配偶组；起居时间不规律组抑郁率高于规律组；无日常兴趣爱好组抑郁率高于有日常兴趣爱好组；喜欢独处组抑郁率高于喜欢集体活动组；患有慢性疾病组与无慢性疾病组抑郁率相近；不认为自己乐观组抑郁率高于认为自己乐观组；从不进行体育锻炼组抑郁率高于经常进行体育锻炼组；对自己的精神状态感到满意组高于不满意组；对自己的生活质量满意或不满意组的抑郁发生率差别不大；对自己的经济状况满意或不满意组的抑郁发生率差别不大。最终分析结果显示“喜欢独处或喜欢参加集体活动、是否经常参加体育锻炼、认为自己是否积极乐观”为老年人抑郁情绪发生的影响因素，这些因素可能提高或降低老年人抑郁发生的可能性，其中“不认为自己积极乐观”是老年人抑郁情绪发生的危险因素，反映了锡林郭勒盟社会福利院老年人主观心理与生活态度的积极程度有所欠缺，这可能提高老年人抑郁发生的可能性。“参加集体活动”、“经常参加体育锻炼”为老年人抑郁情绪发生的保护因素，说明集体活动与体育锻炼对老年人心理与情绪的正面影响，这两个因素可能降低老年人抑郁发生的可能性。最后分析相关原因并为此类养老机构提出对应的解决措施与对策，建议完善养老机构社会关系建立机制，以及提前预防干预老年人身心健康。

关键词：抑郁情绪 养老机构 老年人 抑郁症 抑郁发生率

Investigation and Analysis of Mental Health Status of the Elderly in Social Welfare Institutes-Taking Xilin Gol League Social Welfare Institute as an Example

Abstract

Depressive symptoms are common in older people's lives and can have a major impact on health. For many reasons, most elderly people with depressive symptoms in nursing homes may still not be treated. In order to help the elderly get out of the predicament more specifically, it is necessary to study the influencing factors of depression in the elderly. Therefore, this study attempts to screen the elderly population with depression in the Xilin Gol League Social Welfare Institute through the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and analyze the possible impacts by SPSS chi-square test and logistic regression method. Factors in the incidence of depression in elderly care institutions. Among the elderly who participated in the survey, the proportion of people aged 70-89 years was 73%, the proportion of mild depression in the 80-89 age group was 46%, and the severity of depression was in the 70-89 age group. At the same time, the incidence of depression between different levels of education is not much different. Among the variables of univariate analysis, the incidence of depression in the female group was higher than that in the male group; the incidence of depression in the spouse group was higher than that in the non-spouse group; the depression rate in the irregular time group was higher than that in the regular group; There are daily hobbies group; the depression rate of the like-only group is higher than that of the group-like activity group; the depression rate of the chronic disease group is similar to that of the non-chronic disease group; the depression rate of the optimistic group is not higher than that of the self-optimistic group; The depression rate in the exercise group was higher than that in the regular exercise group; the group satisfied with their mental state was higher than the unsatisfied group; the incidence of depression in the satisfied or unsatisfied group was not much different; satisfied with their own economic situation The incidence of depression in the unsatisfied group was not much different. The final analysis shows that “like to be alone or like to participate in group activities, whether to participate in physical exercise regularly, and whether to be positive and optimistic” is the influencing factor of depression in the elderly. These factors may increase or decrease the possibility of depression in the elderly. “Do not think that you are positive and optimistic” is a risk factor for the depression of the elderly, reflecting the lack of positive attitudes of the subjective psychology and life attitude of the elderly in the Xilin Gol League Social Welfare Institute, which may increase the possibility of depression in the elderly. “Participating in group activities” and “frequently participating in physical exercise” are protective factors for the depression of the elderly, indicating the positive effects of group activities and physical exercise on the psychology and mood of the elderly. These two factors may reduce the possibility of depression in the elderly. Sex. Finally, the relevant reasons are analyzed and corresponding solutions and countermeasures are proposed for such pension institutions. It is recommended to improve the mechanism for establishing social relations of the old-age care institutions and prevent the intervention of the elderly in physical and mental health.

Keywords: Depression,;Old-Age Care Institutions;Elderly; Depression; Depression rate

绪论

研究背景

背景

2019年4月11日下午国家统计局最新数据显示，我国60周岁及以上的老年人口约2.5亿，占总人口的17.9%。数据显示我国60周岁及以上的老年人口约2.5亿，占总人口的17.9%。有预测认为，到2050年我国的老年人口达到4.8亿人，将达到34.1%的人口比重。政府面对日益严重的养老难题，在今年的工作报告中罕见地16次提及养老，并提出了一系列具体举措推动我国养老健康事业发展。

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