论文总字数：22381字

摘 要

高温碟簧是一种常见的碟簧产品，最大特征是它的形变小且具有较大承载能力，广泛应用于建筑、机械及航空领域。H13钢是一种常见的制造碟簧的金属材料，是一种热作模具钢，有良好的综合力学性能。具有良好的红硬性，较高的强韧性、耐磨性及较好的抗热疲劳性能、抗热裂能力。

本课题研究内容主要是优化H13碟簧材料的热处理工艺以满足其使用要求，以H13电渣钢作为试验材料，选择合适的淬火回火温度，对H13钢进行调质处理，完成试验后进行拉伸试验及冲击韧性试验，分析试验结果得出以下主要结论：

1、H13钢在经调质处理后，其组织为回火马氏体 未溶碳化物 少量残余奥氏体。

2、在回火温度一定时，H13钢淬火温度在1020℃、1040℃、1060℃内，试样的硬度随淬火温度的升高先上升后下降，H13钢屈服强度随淬火温度上升而升高，抗拉强度则随淬火温度的上升先上升后下降。其冲击功随温度的上升而降低。

3、在淬火温度一定时，H13钢回火温度在570℃、590℃、610℃内，试样的硬度随温度的升高先下降后升高，H13钢屈服强度随温度上升而升高，抗拉强度则随温度的上升先上升后下降。其冲击功则随温度的上升而上升。

4、H13钢在淬火温度为1040℃，回火温度为570℃时，其组织性能为最佳，马氏体组织等轴均匀，硬度为770HV、屈服强度1665MPa、抗拉强度较高1865MPa，韧性相对较好。

关键词：高温碟簧 H13钢 热处理 组织结构 力学

H13 High Temperature Disc Spring Material's Organization
Regulation and Performance Optimization

Abstract

High temperature disc spring is a common dish spring product, the big feature is that it has a small deformation and a large carrying capacity, widely used in construction, machinery and aviation. H13 steel is a common metal material for the manufacture of disc springs. It is a hot work die steel with good overall mechanical properties. H13 steel has good red hardness, high toughness, wear resistance and good thermal fatigue resistance.

The research content of this project is mainly to optimize the heat treatment process of H13 disc spring material to meet the requirements of its use. With H13 electroslag steel as the test material, the appropriate quenching and tempering temperature is selected, the H13 steel is quenched and tempered, and the test is performed after the completion of the test. Stretch test and impact toughness test, analyze the test results and draw the following main conclusions:

1.After the quenched and tempered H13 steel, its microstructure is tempered martensite undissolved carbide a small amount of retained austenite.
2.At a certain tempering temperature, the quenching temperature of H13 steel is within the temperature range of 1020-1060°C. The hardness of the sample rises first and then decreases with the increase of quenching temperature. The yield strength of H13 steel increases with the increase of quenching temperature, and the tensile strength increases. The strength rises first and then decreases with the rise of the quenching temperature. The impact energy decreases as the temperature increases.
3.When the quenching temperature is fixed, the tempering temperature of H13 steel is in the temperature range of 570-610°C. The hardness of the sample decreases first and then rises with the increase of temperature. H13 steel yield strength increases with temperature rise. The intensity first rises and then falls with the rise of temperature. The impact energy rises with the increase of temperature.
4.When the quenching temperature of H13 steel is 1040°C and the tempering temperature is 570°C, its microstructure and properties are the best. The martensite structure is even and uniform with high hardness, yield strength, high tensile strength, and toughness. It is better.
5.H13 disc spring material quenching temperature of 1040 °C, tempering temperature of 570 °C heat treatment process, so that the strength, hardness, impact toughness, elongation to get the best match, the final disc spring products to achieve repeated use Still has excellent resilience

Key Words: High temperature disc spring; H13 steel; eat treatment; microstructure; mechanical propertie

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 碟簧的概述 1

1.1.1 碟簧的发展过程 1

1.1.2 碟簧的分类 1

1.1.3 碟簧性能要求 2

1.2 H13钢的现状 2

1.2.1 H13的成分 2

1.2.2 H13钢组织特征 3

1.2.3 H13钢热处理要求 5

1.3 实验目的与内容 5

1.3.1 本课题要研究或解决的问题 5

1.3.2 拟用的研究手段 6

第二章 H13热处理、拉伸及冲击韧性实验 7

2.1 实验材料及设备 7

2.2 H13淬火回火实验 7

2.2.1 H13钢的组织与成分 7

2.2.2 VTO-446真空炉主要参数及注意事项 8

2.2.3 H13钢的淬火回火实验设计 9

2.2.4 H13钢的淬火回火实验的操作步骤 10

2.3 H13拉伸试验 11

2.4 H13冲击韧性实验参数及特点 13

2.4.1 JB-300B半自动冲击试验机用途及性能特点 13

2.4.2 H13钢冲击韧性实验的操作步骤 14

2.5 本章小结 15

第三章 淬火温度对H13力学性能及微观组织的影响 17

3.1 淬火温度对H13钢组织的影响 18

3.2 淬火温度对H13钢力学性能的影响 19

3.3 本章小结 23

第四章 回火温度对H13力学性能及微观组织的影响 24

4.1 回火温度对H13钢组织的影响 24

4.2 回火温度对H13钢力学性能的影响 25

4.3 经济性分析 29

4.4本章小结 29

第五章 结论 31

参考文献 32

致谢 35

第一章 绪论

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