论文总字数：38083字

摘 要

伴随着人民生活水平提高及物质财富的增长，人民的法制意识和安全防范意识也显著增强。为保护个人、家庭、公司财产的安全性，一款成本便宜，安装简单，使用方便，经久耐用，功能完善的安全防护系统变得尤为重要。

本文设计了一套以STC8952单片机为核心的红外无线报警系统。采用被动式的热释电传感器作为实时输入信号的采集器件，其能以非接触的方式，对人体发出的特定的红外波长进行探测。且具有探测距离较远，在室温下即可工作，结构简单，体积很小，灵敏性高等优点。当有人非法进入时，热释电传感器感测到人体移动时的红外辐射，并转换成电信号，经过放大、鉴幅、触发延时并输出信号。经由单片机内部程序控制，让输出电路中进行蜂鸣、指示灯、语音及GSM短信报警。本系统在此基础上另有密码撤防系统，在4乘4键盘上进行撤防密码的输入，更改及初始化。并将密码锁的状态显示在LCD1602显示屏上。用户也可以通过短信来远程控制防盗报警系统的布防与撤防状态。

在软件、硬件设计完毕的基础上，通过软件仿真与实物演示完成了对本系统的调试。本系统适用于家庭、仓库、办公室、实验室及其他对安全性有一定需求的场合，经济实用，具有很好的应用效果。

关键词：STC89C52单片机 GSM 密码撤防 红外报警

Abstract

With the improvement of people's living standards and the growth of material wealth, people's awareness of legal system and security has also been significantly enhanced. In order to protect the safety of personal, family and company property, a safety protection system with low cost, simple installation, convenient use, durability and perfect function has become particularly important.

In this paper, a set of infrared wireless alarm system with STC8952 microcontroller as the core is designed. The passive pyroelectric sensor is used as the acquisition device of real-time input signal, because it can detect the specific infrared wavelength emitted by human body in a non-contact way. It has the advantages of long detection distance, simple structure, small size and high sensitivity. When someone enters illegally, the pyroelectric sensor senses the infrared radiation when the human body moves and converts it into an electric signal, which is amplified, amplitude discriminated, triggered and delayed and outputs the signal. Through MCU internal program control, let the output circuit buzzer, indicator light, voice and GSM SMS alarm. On this basis, the system has another password removal system, which input, change and initialize the password removal on the 4-by-4 keyboard. The status of the lock is displayed on the display screen of LCD1602. Users can also use SMS to remotely control the anti - theft alarm system deployment and removal status.

Based on the design of software and hardware, the debugging of the system is completed through software simulation and physical demonstration. This system is suitable for home, warehouse, office, laboratory and other occasions where there is a certain demand for safety. It is economical and practical, and has a good application effect.

Key words: STC89C52 Single Chip Microcomputer; GSM; Code Withdrawal; Infrared Alarm

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章. 绪论 1

1.1 研究的背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外现状及发展趋势 1

1.3 课题需求 2

第二章. 系统方案设计 3

2.1 系统总体设计思想 3

2.2 系统具体功能的设计 4

第三章. 系统硬件综合设计 5

3.1 系统硬件的构成与选型 5

3.2 热释电探测器 6

3.2.1 热释电效应 6

3.2.2 热释电传感器 6

3.2.3 信号处理器BISS0001 8

3.2.4 热释电探测器的安装及注意事项 9

3.3 STC89C52单片机芯片介绍 10

3.3.1 STC89C52单片机特性 10

3.3.2 STC89C52单片机的内部结构 10

3.3.3 STC89C52单片机引脚说明 11

3.4 密码撤防电路 13

3.4.1 键盘电路 13

3.4.2 LCD1602液晶显示器 14

3.5 语音及蜂鸣器报警电路 16

3.5.1 语音报警模块电路 16

3.5.2 蜂鸣及指示灯报警电路 17

3.6 SIM900A GSM短信模块 17

3.6.1 SIM900A短信模块特点及功能 17

3.6.2 SIM900A短信模块原理及串口通信 18

第四章. 软件的设计仿真及实现 21

4.1 软件的构成及设计流程 21

4.1.1 红外报警软件流程 21

4.1.2 密码撤防软件流程 22

4.1.3 状态显示程序流程 25

4.1.4 远程布/撤控制流程 25

4.2 程序的仿真运行 27

4.3 实物的焊接与调试 27

第五章 总结 30

参考文献 31

致谢 33

附录 34

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