宜昌港物流园区发展评价及对策毕业论文
2021-10-22 21:52:47
摘 要
随着世界经济贸易的发展,港口在全球供应链之间的地位也逐步提升,大宗货物、石油、时效性不强的货物的进出口都依赖于海运。海运凭借着较低的运费、天然的航道、一次性能够运输大量的货物在铁路、公路、航空运输中脱颖而出。目前港口的物流化趋势日益明显。港口也在逐步升级,从早期的第一代第二代港口升级到了如今的第四代港口,其中港口物流的地位也在逐步提升。世界著名港口荷兰的鹿特丹港、新加坡港在上个时间80年代的中后期开始建设物流园区。我国的港口物流园区发展和起步都相对较晚,在改革开放之后港口运输的作用才日益明显,到大约21世纪的时候才开始物流园区的建设。港口物流园区在当地城市的发展之中有着举足轻重的作用,以港兴城,以城兴港。物流园区的建设也可以提升港口的竞争力,推进城市的发展进程。目前,我国港口物流园区由于发展较晚也存在不少问题,比如物流园区的空置率高,基础设施的建设还有待提高,园区缺乏专业的人才进行管理。这些问题会造成资源的浪费。我们需要借鉴国内外的经验,科学合理的进行规划和布局方能促进港口物流园区和港口的协调发展。
本文从国内外港口物流园区发展现状的比较出发,针对目前园区存在的问题和不足,运用物流学、港口企业管理学、系统工程的学科基本理论,通过调研、阅读文献、问卷调查的形式进行宜昌港物流园区的分析,结合目前物流园区存在的问题提出发展对策和建议。
本文首先简单的介绍了选题的背影,研究的目的和意义、本文的研究方法和思路。其次对宜昌港物流园区进行了SWOT分析。第三部分通过对问卷调查的数据整理和阅读的大量文献,参考其余物流园区体系指标构建得出了宜昌港物流园区的发展评价指标体系,并用层次分析法的方法进行研究,完成了一致性检验。第四部分根据第三部分得到的结论进行分析,得出发展的规划和策略。从政策性的角度研究宜昌港物流园区的发展方式和战略定位。第五部分则是发展对策及建议。
关键词:宜昌港;层次分析法;物流园区;发展对策
ABSTRACT
With the development of the world economy, the position of ports in the global supply chain has gradually increased, and the import and export of bulk goods, oil and goods with weak timeliness depend on sea transportation. Because of the lower freight, natural waterway and bring a large number of goods one time. Sea transport stands out between air transport and railway transport. At present, the trend of port logistics is becoming more and more obvious. The port is also gradually upgrading, from the early first generation to the fourth generation. The famous ports of Rotterdam and Singapore in the Netherlands in the late 1980s started to build port logistics parks. Port Logistics Park in China started relatively late. After the reform and opening up, the role of port transport is becoming more and more obvious. Until 21st century did they start to build Logistics Park. The port logistics park plays an important role in the development of local cities. The construction of Logistics Park can also enhance the competitiveness of the port and promote the development process of the city. At present, due to the late development of the port Logistics Park in China, there are many problems, such as the high vacancy rate of the logistics park, the construction of infrastructure still needs to be improved, and the lack of professional personnel to manage the park. These problems will cause the waste of resources. We need to learn from domestic and foreign experience, scientific and reasonable planning and layout can promote the coordinated development of port logistics parks and ports.
Based on the comparison of the development status of port logistics park from home to abroad, aiming at the current problems and shortcomings of the park, this paper uses the basic theory of logistics, port enterprise management and system engineering to analyze the Yichang Port Logistics Park through investigation, reading literature and questionnaire, and puts forward the development countermeasures and suggestions combined with the existing problems in the logistics park at present.
At first, the topic background and the aim of this paper is introduced. Also, the methods used in the paper are explained. Secondly, the SWOT analysis of Yichang Port Logistics Park is carried out. The third part using the questionnaire data collation, reading a large number of documents and referring to the other logistics park system indicators to construct the development evaluation index system of Yichang Port Logistics Park. Through the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process finish the report. The fourth part carries on the analysis according to the conclusion obtained in the third part, obtains the development plan and the strategy. The fifth part is the development countermeasure and suggestion.
Keywords: Yichang Port; Analytic Hierarchy Process; Logistics Park; Development Countermeasures
目 录
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 1
第1章 绪论 1
1.1. 选题的背景与意义 1
1.2. 国内外研究现状 2
1.3. 研究方法和思路 2
第2章 宜昌港物流园区的现状 4
2.1. 国内外港口物流园区的发展现状分析 4
2.1.1. 国外发展现状 4
2.1.2. 国内发展现状 5
2.2. 港口物流园区的功能 6
2.3. 港口物流园区的作用 7
2.4. 宜昌港物流园区SWOT分析 7
2.4.1. 优势 7
2.4.2. 劣势 8
2.4.3. 机会 8
2.4.4. 威胁 8
第3章 功能评价指标体系的建立 9
3.1. 评价指标体系框架 9
3.1.1. 评价指标体系分析 9
3.2. 层次分析法 11
3.2.1. 建模的步骤 11
3.2.2. 计算各个指标的权重 12
第4章 宜昌港物流园区项目发展策略 17
4.1. 发展智慧化物流 17
4.2. 培养港口物流人才 17
4.3. 发展绿色物流 18
4.4. 加快物流基础设施建设和政策的完善 18
第5章 结论与展望 20
参考文献 21
附录A:宜昌港物流园区发展评价指标权重调查问卷 22
致 谢 24
绪论
选题的背景与意义
宜昌位于长江中上游分界点,素来以三峡大坝闻名于世。在长江航道中,是武汉到重庆的一个重要中转点,可以从地图上看见上海、南京、武汉、重庆这几个是长江的重要城市,而前三者的距离大概都在三五百公里左右,而武汉到重庆有一千多公里,这就需要有一个中转点,而这个中转点就是宜昌港区。宜昌港可以为客户提供港口装卸、水路客货运输、仓储、船舶代理、货物运输代理、旅游商贸物流、房地产、船舶过闸等各方面的良好服务[1]。港口是一个货物集散地以及综合运输网络的枢纽,石油、粮食等很多商品的进出口都需要依托港口来实现。水路运输以费用低廉、单位能耗较低、单次载货量大的优势,在公路、铁路、航空运输等运输方式之间脱颖而出。各国之间的贸易也是主要依托水路运输来实现。
随着经济的不断变革,现代物流业得到了快速发展,现代港口从传统的海运货物的装卸、仓储等基础功能上升到物流、现金流与信息流相互流通和交织,物流、信息流、现金流等对于港口的物流能力提出了更高的要求。目前,全国的许多港口都有依托于港口的物流园区;目前物流园区的规模以及设备是否能够满足现有港口的基本要求,在货运量有增加的情况下能够承担的变动大约是多少、在特殊环境下仓储的要求是否能够满足供应。