1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

literature review

waiting, as ha jin#8217;s second novel, describes a story about waiting that lasts for 18 years among three persons: lin kong, shuyu liu and manna wu.

at the beginning of the novel, ha jin told the 17^th time that lin kong attempted to divorce shuyu, but still failed. as an officer of the army hospital in muji, lin kong had a twelve-day leave every summer when he could return to goose village to see his wife and daughter. however, he would put forward the divorce since 1968 because he fell in love with another woman in the hospital, manna wu who was a nurse. every time his wife shuyu would go back on her word at the courthouse for she still loved lin kong. time and time again, lin kong and manna became desperate, only to wait the 18^th year. there was a regulation in the hospital saying that if an officer had been separated with his wife for 18 years, ha could ask for a divorce whether his wife was agreed. nevertheless, after lin kong and manan got married eventually, their marriage was not as the same as what they expected. they were mentally and physically exhausted by various problems in daily life. and shuyu, the kind-hearted rural woman, began her new life with her daughter hua in the city.

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

methods and procedures of the study:

with the purpose of figuring out what waiting tells about, i have first of all surfed the internet to get a thorough known of the author and all the main characters#8217; names and their relationship with one another. i also take some notes both in chinese and english to help me understand the novel better. in this way, i can have a preliminary acknowledgement of the content of the novel which would save me a lot of time to read the novel. then, i skim through the english novel roughly to clearly know the characters#8217; relationships between each other. i have drawn a graph of all the characters the novel refers to. in the next step, i begin to read the novel carefully. while reading, i have written down some important details and recorded every event chronologically. after reading the english version, i find the chinese version from the internet to ensure me understand the novel better. since more and more people are concerned about the feminism and women#8217;s rights, the materials are abundant thanks to the internet, a large number of journals, books, magazines and dissertations are at my disposal. through searching, i can either integrate the same viewpoints over waiting or make a comparison between different viewpoints, aiming at backing up my opinions. in the process of writing, my supervisor gives me a lot of help with this thesis. she gives me many suggestions both in content and in grammar. our discussion would hold in person or over phone. she always instructs me with great patience. so surfing the internet, reading the book, taking notes and discussing with my supervisor are the main methods of my study.

the thesis consists of three parts. in the first part, i will provide some background information about the author ha jin and the novel waiting. also, i will give a literature review and the purpose of the study. the second part is the focus on the thesis. i would discuss the tragedy of the two main woman characters profoundly in the theory of feminism. in the last part, i will draw a conclusion, stressing the significance of the study and what we can learn from it.