60000标方废气焚烧炉空气预热器设计毕业论文
2020-04-25 20:24:53
摘 要
空气预热器是一种高效的热量回收装置。在工业锅炉中运用极其广泛。本课题主要是设计废气焚烧炉空气预热器,这里从节能,经济效益等多方面考虑,选用热管空气预热器。在热力计算过程中,预热后的废气温度升温过高,所以采用双预热系统。即,烟气的热量分给空气和废气。采用两个预热器,分别预热空气和废气。在确定废气,空气的出口温度时,采用控制相同的出口温度,提高低温烟气利用率。在设计过程中,热管采用碳钢-水重力热管。传热面管采用翅片管,增加对流换热。本课题通过对整个换热系统进行符合工艺要求及现场空间要求的热力计算,进而设计出换热器各主要部件的施工图。在热力计算过程中,根据本课题的需要,选定换热管的材料、尺寸、数量及换热管的排列方式,然后进行热力计算。考虑到运输问题,空气预热器的宽度不得超过3.2m,热管长度不得超过10m。由于是双预热系统,在压力降方面,空气预热器和废气预热器的热端压降应保持大致相同。同时由于热侧压力较高,因此还要进行强度校核。
关键词:热管 空气预热器 废气焚烧炉 排烟温度 设计参数
Design of air Pre-heater for 60000 SCMH Exhauts Gas incinerator
Abstract
The air preheater was an efficient heat recovery device. It was widely used in industrial boilers.This topic was mainly to design the air preheater of the waste gas incinerator.From the aspects of energy saving, economic benefits, etc., the heat pipe air preheater was finally selected. In the thermal calculation process, the temperature of the exhaust gas after preheating was too high, so a double preheating system was adopted. The heat of the flue gas was distributed to the air and the exhaust gas. Preheating air and exhaust gas with two preheaters. When determining the exhaust gas and air outlet temperature, the same outlet temperature was controlled to improve the low-temperature flue gas utilization rate. In the design processed, the heat pipe adopted carbon steel-water gravity heat pipe. The heat transfer surface tube adopted a finned tube to increase convective heat transfer. This project calculates the thermal performance of the entire heat exchange system in accordance with the process requirements and site space requirements, Then design the construction drew of the main components of the heat exchanger system. In the thermal calculation process, according to the needs of the subject, the material, size, quantity and arrangement of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tubes are selected, and then the structural calculation was performed. In consideration of transportation problems, the width of the air preheater shall not exceed 3.2 m and the length of the heat pipe shall not exceed 10 m. Due to the double preheating system, the pressure drop at the hot end of the air preheater and the exhaust gas preheater should remain approximately the same in terms of pressure drop. At the same time, because the hot side pressure was higher, the strength check was also performed.
Key Words: Heat pipe; Exhaust gas incinerator; Machining environment; Exhaust temperature;
Design Parameters
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.2.1 热管空气预热器的设计进展 1
1.2.2 热管空气预热器的研究进展 2
1.3 热管空气预热器的改进 3
1.3.2 原始数据的重视 3
1.3.3 管子的排列 3
1.3.4 烟气侧、空气测流阻的计算 3
1.3.5 热管工作安全性校核 3
1.3.6 热管换热器设计计算机编程的重要性 3
第二章 60000标方废气焚烧炉空气预热器设计 4
2.1 设计要求 4
2.3 热力计算过程中遇到的问题 4
2.4 图纸设计中所遇到的问题 5
第三章 热力计算书及结构设计 6
3.1 热力计算书 6
3.1.1原始设计参数 6
3.1.2燃烧计算 6
3.1.3理论燃烧温度计算 12
3.1.4热力计算 9
3.1.5强度校核 28
3.2 结构设计 29
第四章 结论 30
参考文献 31
致 谢 34
第一章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景及意义
废气焚烧炉适用于多种场合,尤其是在石油,化工,制药等排放有害气体的地方。有害气体中的可燃物在焚烧炉中燃烧。降低了气体中的有害成分,同时燃烧产生的大量热量,还能用于人们生活生产之中 [1-2]。
过去,人们专注于高高温余热回收,而低于350℃的低能耗废热则没有得到充分利用。事实上,低能耗废热具有很大的节能潜力。各种锅炉的烟气温度都在这个温度范围内。中国工业锅炉的煤耗占煤炭消费总量的13%,但平均热效率仅为55-60%。因此,锅炉节能的关键点应该是工业锅炉[3]。实践证明,热管空气预热器确实是一种经济,简单,高效的低温余热回收装置[4]。
热管空气预热器最主要的部分是热管,它是一种封闭端,管内高真空的换热器。它依赖于物理相变或管中工作物质的蒸发和冷凝的化学反应来传递热量[5]。物质发生三相变换需要很小的温差,并且能够传递巨大的热量。热管空预器有着众多的有点,因此被广泛应用于许多领域[6]。热管空气预热器是一种的废热回收装置。它可以有效地降低锅炉的低温腐蚀,降低废气温度,提高锅炉的效率[7]。