摘 要

船舶管路系统是船舶动力装置中不可或缺的一部分，在燃油、滑油、冷却水乃至气体的输送中担任着十分重要的角色。而阀门，作为管路系统的重要组成成分，在控制运输方向，燃油滑油的输送速度方面起决定作用。近年来，新型阀门设计层出不穷，而截止阀门的应用是最为广泛的。在进一步的船舶隐身性能的研究中，各类阀门的降噪技术，流道设计越来越受到重视。

本文应用Soildworks软件进行截止直角阀的三维建模，导入流体分析软件fluent，对截止阀GBDN125(流道直径125mm) 不同开度下的流场特性进行了模拟与分析。分析结果表明：在船舶正常工况下（入流速度5m/s，出口背压0.15MPa），DN125阀门不会在内部产生空泡区域，流体动力噪声产生极小。对比特定工况(入流速度2m/s,出口背压为一个大气压)，发现在正常水流中工作的阀门，有较高的危险性，对此进行了阀杆导流罩、锥形出流管道、圆角优化等阀门流道的优化设计，通过反复地对于内部流场的模拟分析计算，肯定了优化的效果，上述优化的方式对于降低阀门内部的压强差，提高内部压强，减弱低压区的影响具有比较有效的作用。

本文研究结果可为截止直角阀提供行之有效的降噪方案，并且根据不同的阀门工况 对于阀门的选择和使用提供建议来保证其使用寿命。对于后续的阀门优化设计，本文可以根据模拟结果提出优化方向和需要优化的条件。

关键词：直角式截止阀；噪声；流态分析；数据模拟；优化设计；ansys；soildworks

Abstract

Ship piping system is an indispensable part of marine power plant, which plays a very important role in the transportation of fuel oil, lubricating oil, cooling water and gas. The valve, as an important component of the pipeline system, in the control of the direction of transport, fuel oil delivery speed plays a decisive role. In recent years, the new valve design after another, and cut-off valve is the most widely used. In the further study of the stealth performance of the ship, the noise reduction technology of various types of valves, the flow channel design has become more and more attention.

In this paper, the three-dimensional modeling of the cut-off angle valve is carried out by using Soildworks software. The flow field characteristics of the cut-off valve GBDN125 (flow -path diameter 125mm) and different opening degrees are analyzed by introducing the fluid analysis software fluent. The analysis results show that under the normal condition of the ship (inlet velocity 5m/s, outlet backpressure 0.15MPa), DN125 valve will not generate cavitation area inside, and the hydrodynamic noise will be minimal. Comparison of specific conditions (flow velocity 2m/s, the outlet pressure of one atmosphere), found work in the normal flow of the valve in a higher risk, the optimized design of stem dome, tapered pipe, round optimization valve flow, through repeated simulation analysis of the internal flow field calculation sure, the optimization results, the optimal way to reduce the pressure inside the valve, improve internal pressure, reduce effect of low pressure area has relatively effective role.Through experiments and data analysis, the internal angle valve should guide treatment, should try to avoid a larger vibration rectangular corner; the valve opening should be maintained in the throat, to prevent too small cavitation; control valve diameter should not be too large. The optimized valve has also been verified by data simulation. At the same time the valve design optimization, should take into account the valve material fatigue resistance, the valve life factor.

The results of this study can provide an effective noise reduction scheme for the cut-off angle valve, and provide recommendations for the selection and use of the valve according to different valve conditions to ensure its service life. For the following valve optimal design, the optimization direction and the conditions for optimization are proposed in this paper.

Key Words: right angle globe valve; noise; flow pattern analysis; data simulation; optimization design; Ansys; SoildWorks

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2阀门内部产生的噪声分析 2

1.3国内外研究进展及目前的研究成果 3

1.4阀门降噪技术路线 4

第2章 直角截止阀内部流场数值模拟基础 5

2.1流体分析和数据模拟基础 5

2.1.1流体动力学控制方程 5

2.1.2数值计算方法 7

2.2本章小结 8

第3章 阀门内部数值模拟及分析 9

3.1本文的研究内容 9

3.2计算模型的建立 10

3.2.1几何模型的建立 10

3.2.2数学模型的生成 11

3.3 计算模型网格的划分 11

3.4定义边界条件 14

3.5原阀门内部模拟结果 16

3.5.1阀门开度20%工况分析 17

3.5.2阀门开度50%工况分析 19

3.5.3阀门开度80%工况分析 21

3.6计算结果分析 23

3.7本章小结 24

第4章 截止直角阀内部流道优化设计 25

4.1截止直角阀内部结构优化 25

4.2阀门开度对内部流道的影响 29

4.3本章小结 30

第5章 结论与展望 31

5.1结论 31

5.2展望 31

参考文献 32

致 谢 33

第1章 绪论

1.1引言

阀门是日常生活中必不可少的部件之一，也是船舶管路系统不可缺少的一部分，它控制着管道内流体的流动状态、流速流量；它的结构也直接影响着内部流体的能量损失。截止阀是使用最广泛的一种阀门，它的开闭过程中密封面之间摩擦力小，比较耐用，开启高度不大，制造容易，维修方便，使用在多种工况下。它依靠阀杠的移动，使阀瓣密封面与阀座密封面贴合，实现密闭，阻止介质流通。而直角式的截止阀，用于直角流道中 ，在管道运输中起着十分重要的作用，在船舶管路系统中，应用十分广泛。