摘 要

本篇论文是对21000吨多用途船的主推进装置计算与选型、机舱主要设备的计算和选型设计都进行了较为系统的分析和论述，具有一定的参考价值。

当船在水面或水中克服阻力航行时，阻力的大小和船的尺寸、形状和航行速度有关，为了使船能保持一定的速度，我们航行时必须供给船推力或拉力，以克服阻力。这艘船的主推进装置是将发动机产生的动力转换成船的动力的装置。因此，有必要了解船舶的阻力特性，选择合适的主推进动力装置。本文从船舶阻力系数经验公式入手，推算出本次设计中船舶的总阻力，然后运用爱尔法和阻力系数法计算出船体的有效功率，进行机桨初步匹配，进而推算出所需主机功率，最后根据主机功率选定主机型号。为确保选型准确性，进行了机桨最终匹配，检验所选主机符合设计要求。

在机舱主要设备选择阶段,根据所选主机参数,确定辅助模型和管路设计,根据经验公式和多用途船建设规则,在这篇文章中,燃油系统、油系统、污水、压载水系统和消防系统,如机舱主系统分别进行了详细的计算和选择。

关键词：多用途船；主推进装置；机舱设备；选型计算

Abstract

This paper has made the detailed discussion and analysis on the main propulsion system calculation and selection design of an 21000DWT Mutil-purpose Ship which is has a certain reference value.

The vessel is to encounter the resistance when sailing on water or underwater, which is related with its size, shape and speed. In order to maintain the vessel certain speed ahead, a push or pull force shall be exerted to overcome the resistance. The main propulsion system is to convert the power generated by engine into the effective thrust. Therefore we have to acknowledge the resistance characteristics before selecting the most suitable main propulsion system.

The vessel is to encounter the resistance when sailing on water, calculating the total resistance of a ship in this design , then the basic theory of vessel resistance and Coefficient were used to calculate effective power Further more, we also taking the engine and propeller matching, at last the effective power were determined. Therefore, the propulsion system selection design was made according to the effective power. In order to ensure the accuracy of selection, the final engine and propeller matching should be conducted to confirm the main engine we select meet the design requirement.

In the stage of main equipment type selection of cabin, piping design was made according to the types of main engine, auxiliary machinery, and emergency generator. This paper made the detailed discussion and analysis on the fuel oil system, lube oil system, cooling water system, compressed air system ballast water system, bilge system, fire fighting system, potable water system and air system.

Key Words: Mutil-purpose Ship; Propulsion Plant; Cabin Equipment; Selection Calculation

目录

1绪论…………………………………………………………………………1

1.1、概述…………………………………………………………………1

1.2、目的及意义…………………………………………………………1

1.3、研究（设计）的基本内容、目标、拟采用的技术方案及措施..2

2主机选型……………………………………………………………………3

2.1 船舶主机的初步计算………………………………………………3

2.1.1 阻力估算………………………………………………………3

2.1.2 船舶推进有效功率……………………………………………4

2.1.3 船体主尺度……………………………………………………5

2.1.4 额定功率估算…………………………………………………5

2.1.5船、机、桨三者的能量传递…………………………………6

2.2 螺旋桨初步设计……………………………………………………7

2.2.1机、桨初步匹配计算…………………………………………7

2.2.2主机功率计算…………………………………………………9

2.2.3主机选择………………………………………………………9

2.3螺旋桨终结匹配设计……………….……………………………11

2.3.1终结匹配计算…………………….…………………………11

2.3.2 螺旋桨………………………………………………………12

3轴系计算……………………………………………………………………13

3.1 说明…………………………………………………………………13

3.2 艉轴直径的规范计算………………………………………………13

3.3 联轴器 ……………….……………………………………………13

3.4 联轴器法兰螺栓的计算……………………………………………14

3.5 可拆联轴器键的强度的验算………………………………………14

3.6 螺旋桨键及键槽……………………………………………………14

3.7 尾轴轴承的选用……………………………………………………15

3.8 尾轴轴承间距的计算………………………………………………15

4 主要设备估算及选型………………………………………………………16

4.1燃油系统……………………………………………………………16

4.1.1主机……………………………………………………………16

4.1.2 辅柴油机……………………………………………………16

4.1.3燃油锅炉………………………………………………………17

4.1.4 燃油总消耗量…………………………………………………18

4.1.5日用重燃油柜容积…………………………………………………18

4.1.6日用重柴油柜容积…………………………………………………18

4.1.7油渣柜容积…………………………………………………………18

4.1.8污油柜容积…………………………………………………………19

4.1.9重燃油沉淀柜容积…………………………………………………19

4.1.10重柴油沉淀柜容积…………………………………………………19

4.1.11重燃油供给泵计算…………………………………………………19

4.1.12重柴油供给泵计算…………………………………………………19

4.1.13重燃油输送泵计算…………………………………………………20

4.1.14重柴油输送泵计算…………………………………………………20

4.1.15 燃油分油机选型…………………………………………………20

4.2滑油系统……………………………………………………………………21

4.2.1贮油舱…………………………………………………………………22

4.2.2主机滑油循环柜容积…………………………………………………23

4.2.3滑油沉淀柜容积………………………………………………………23

4.2.4滑油污油柜容积………………………………………………………23

4.2.5滑油分油机……………………………………………………………23

4.2.6油渣柜容积……………………………………………………………24

4.2.7滑油输送泵……………………………………………………………24

4.2.8滑油备用泵……………………………………………………………24

4.2.9滑油冷却器选型………………………………………………………24

4.3冷却系统……………………………………………………………………24

4.3.1膨胀水箱………………………………………………………………24

4.3.2淡水冷却泵……………………………………………………………25

4.3.3主海水冷却泵…………………………………………………………25

4.4 压缩空气系统………………………………………………………………25

4.4.1空气瓶………………………………………………………………25

4.4.2空气压缩机…………………………………………………………26

4.5舱底水系统………………….………………………………………………26

4.5.1舱底水泵……………………………………………………………26

4.5.2 舱底水油水分离器选型……………………………………………27

4.5.3 舱底水油水分离器选型……………………………………………27

4.6 压载系统……………………………………………………………………27

4.7 消防系统……………………………………………………………………28

4.7.1水消防………………………………………………………………28

4.7.2二氧化碳CO2消防…………………………………………………28

4.8供水系统………………………………………………………………………29

4.8.1有效容积的计算……………………………………………………29

4.8.2压缩空气最小容积…………………………………………………30

4.8.3淡水压力水柜容积…………………………………………………30

4.8.4压力水柜的供水泵…………………………………………………30

4.9机舱通风系统…………………………………………………………………31

4.9.1机舱通风机排量……………………………………………………31

4.9.2机舱通风设备选型…………………………………………………33

4.10防污染系统…………………………………………………………………33

4.10.11 舱底水油水分离器………………………………………….……33

4.10.12 生活污水处理装置………………………………………………33

5 主要设备明细表…………………………………………………………………33

6 轮机说明书………………………………………………………………………39

6.1 概述………………………………………………………………………39

6.2 主机………………………………………………………………………40