摘 要

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.2 研究意义 2

1.2 虚拟现实的研究现状 3

1.2.1 虚拟现实的国内外发展状况 3

1.2.2 汽车工业里的虚拟现实 3

1.3 研究的基本内容及方法 4

1.3.1 基本内容 4

1.3.2 研究方法 5

第二章 技术和理论支持 6

2.1 虚拟现实技术 6

2.1.1 虚拟现实技术的硬件需求 6

2.1.2 虚拟现实技术的软件支持 7

2.2 三维建模的方法 8

2.2.1 多边形建模 8

2.2.2 面片建模 12

2.2.3 NURBS建模 13

2.3 汽车稳定性试验的相关理论 15

2.3.1 汽车稳定性及其影响因素 15

2.3.2 汽车稳定性试验 16

2.3.3 小结 18

第三章 高速路场景建模 19

3.1 道路模型 20

3.1.1 道路标志模型的建立 20

3.1.2 道路主体建模 21

3.2 隧道模型构建 25

3.2.1 隧道内衬的建立 25

3.2.2 隧道支架的生成 27

3.3 环境模型建立 29

3.3.1 山体以及平原建模 29

3.3.2 天空以及树木植被模型的构建 31

3.4 渲染以及相机 33

3.5 小结 36

第四章 总结与展望 37

4.1 分析可行性与代表性 37

4.2 研究总结 37

4.3 研究展望 38

致谢 39

参考文献 40

摘要

现代制造业向着智能化、信息化、虚拟化和自动化方向发展，在这大背景之下，汽车工业也是开启了迅猛发展的势头。随着多元科技融入汽车工业，虚拟现实技术在汽车工业中得到了极大地利用，传统汽车试验时，都是实车进行实地的试验。这无疑极大程度地浪费了人力资源以及物力，同时模拟出来的数据容易受到天气以及路面情况等环境因素的影响。为节约汽车设计和试验时的人力和物力成本，研究人员采用虚拟现实技术进行需要测试的场景的三维环境模拟，然后通过VR设备进行数据采集，来进行试验。虚拟试验能够给试验人员沉浸感以及带入感，能，同时数据真实可靠并且还能提高试验的安全性。因此利用虚拟试验场景进行虚拟试验具有极大的可行性。

目前研究人员在利用虚拟现实技术进行汽车设计方面运用较广，但是利用虚拟现实技术进行虚拟试验对于国内汽车产业来说还有一块不小的空白，特别是针对单个具体环境的试验场景设计的文章就更加地少了。因此本文注重于高速公路这一静态场景的三维建模，将高速路周边的环境进行设计，为高速公路路况下的虚拟试验提供参考。

在了解虚拟现实技术国内外发展状况以及国内高速路场景之后，便开始分析 高速公路场景的要素。分析所需要素之后结合3dsmax软件的建模方法以及理论之后，结合实际场景的数据进行静态场景的建模 ，然后利用3dsmax的贴图功能为环境模型贴上纹理图，以此来模拟一处典型的高速路环境，为高速路工况下的虚拟试验提供一种可供参考的静态场景搭建方式。最后论述此环境的代表性以及作为高速路况时汽车的虚拟试验场景的可行性，并且指出在本次设计之中的不足、展望以及未来研究方向，并且提出相关建议

关键词：虚拟现实、3dsmax、三维建模、高速路场景

Abstract

Modern manufacturing industry to intelligent, information, virtualization and automation direction, in this background, the automotive industry is also opened up the momentum of rapid development. With the integration of multi-technology into the automobile industry, virtual reality technology has been greatly utilized in the automobile industry, and when traditional automobile tests are real cars being tested on the ground. This is undoubtedly a great waste of human resources and material resources, while the simulated data is vulnerable to weather and road conditions and other environmental factors. To save the human and material costs of car design and testing, the researchers used virtual reality technology to simulate the three-dimensional environment of the scene stoic situ at the test, and then used VR devices to collect data for the experiment. Virtual experiments can give the experimenter an immersion and a sense of incoming, yes, while the data is authentic and reliable, and can also improve the safety of the test. Therefore, it is very feasible to use the virtual test scene to carry out the virtual experiment.

At present, researchers use virtual reality technology for car design, but the use of virtual reality technology for virtual testing for the domestic automotive industry there is a big gap, especially for a single specific environment of the experimental scenario design article is even less. Therefore, this paper focuses on the three-dimensional modeling of the static scene of highway, designing the environment around the highway and providing reference for the virtual test under the highway road condition.

After understanding the development of virtual reality technology at home and abroad and the domestic highway scene, we began to analyze the elements of the highway scene. After analyzing the required features, combining the modeling methods and theories of 3dsmax software, combining the data of the actual scene to model the static scene, and then using the 3dsmax mapping function to map the environment model with texture, to simulate a typical high-speed environment, to provide a reference for the virtual scene construction of the highway under the condition. Finally, this paper discusses the representativeness of this environment and the feasibility of the virtual test scene of the car as a high-speed road condition, and points out the shortcomings, prospects and future research direction in this design, and puts forward some suggestions.