摘 要

随着汽车保有量增加和车流密度的增大，道路交通运输面临的压力越来越大，交通事故发生率大大增加，造成大量的财产和生命损失，对社会造成不良影响，故对车辆的危险行驶预警防范进行研究，基于车联网技术使危险行驶预警由原来的孤立化、固定化，逐渐向网联化、智能化方向发展。

本文主要对基于车联网的危险行驶防范进行研究。研究内容如下：（1）对危险行驶状况进行分类；（2）针对不同的危险行驶情况，进行事故成因分析；（3）将不同危险行驶情况发生前的特征信息进行提取，并且将对应特征信息收集所需要的传感器、电子设备等确定下来；（4）分析设计不同危险行驶状况判定的策略，并且将对单个类型的危险行驶检测预警整合成一个综合的危险行驶防范预警系统，完成整体的决策运行流程设计。（5）将设计的系统与实际行驶状况结合分析，验证可行性。

本文创新点在于，将汽车危险行驶预警防范与车联网相结合，改善信息的实时性；增强车与车之间以及车与道路之间交互性，加大危险行驶防范预警应用的覆盖面积，提高防范成功率。通过信息收集和信息处理，按照决策方案进行数据比对，克服传统危险行驶感官判别的缺点，为危险行驶判别提供科学依据，做出合理预警方案。

关键词：车联网；危险行驶防范；疲劳驾驶；酒后驾驶

Abstract

The increase in car ownership, the increasing pressure on road traffic and transportation, and the increase in traffic density have greatly increased the incidence of traffic accidents. The occurrence of traffic accidents has caused a large number of property and life safety losses, and has an adverse impact on society. Carry out research on early warning and prevention of dangerous driving of vehicles. The traffic environment gradually changed from the original isolation and immobilization to the networked and intelligent direction.

This article mainly studies the dangerous driving prevention based on Internet of Vehicles. The research contents are as follows: (1) classify dangerous driving conditions; (2) analyze the cause of accidents for different dangerous driving situations; (3) extract the characteristic information before the occurrence of different dangerous driving situations, and extract the corresponding characteristic information Collect the required sensors, electronic equipment, etc. to determine; (4) Analyze and design strategies for different dangerous driving conditions, and integrate the detection and warning of a single type of dangerous driving into a comprehensive dangerous driving prevention and early warning system to complete the overall decision Operation process design. (5) Analyze the designed system with actual driving conditions to verify the feasibility.

The innovation of this article is to combine early warning and prevention of dangerous vehicles with Internet of Vehicles to improve the real-time information; enhance the interactivity between cars and vehicles and roads, increase the coverage area of ​​early warning and prevention applications of dangerous driving Prevent success rate. Through information collection and information processing, data comparison is carried out according to the decision plan to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional dangerous driving sensory discrimination, provide a scientific basis for the dangerous driving discrimination, and make a reasonable early warning program.

Key words: Internet of Vehicles, Dangerous Driving Prevention, Fatigue Driving, Drunk Driving

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及研究意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 3

1.3 研究内容及方法 6

第2章 危险行驶成因分析 7

2.1 危险行驶分类 7

2.2 危险行驶成因分析 8

第3章 危险行驶特征与判定策略 10

3.1 由于驾驶员不良驾驶习惯导致的危险行驶 10

3.2 驾驶员疏忽驾驶 11

3.3 酒后驾驶 14

3.4 单手驾驶 15

3.5 不良路况下的危险行驶 16

第4章 危险行驶防范系统设计 19

4.1 系统功能与结构设计 19

4.3 干预预警系统设计 28

4.4 信息传递路径设计 30

第5章 结论 32

5.1 全文总结 32

5.2 研究展望 32

参考文献 34

致 谢 36

第1章 绪论

1.1 研究背景及研究意义

1.1.1 研究背景

如图1.1所示，2010-2018年汽车保有量持续增加，根据国家发改委的统计数据，截止到2020年4月9日，中国的汽车保有量达到2.6亿辆，千人汽车保有量从原来的不足10辆达到现在的180辆。汽车数量的增长为我国经济增长做出了贡献，同时也给交通系统造成了压力。

图1.1 2010-2018年汽车保有量统计图^[1]

交通事故的发生给我们造成了财产损失还有人身伤害。据交通部的统计数据，如图1.2所示，自2013年到2018年，交通事故发生数量总体呈现增长趋势，由198394起增长到了244937起，导致的伤亡人数从272263人增加到了322304人，造成的经济损失从103896.6万元上升到138455.9万元。