论文总字数：28090字

摘 要

在节能减排与环保成为主题的今天，要求在保障汽车具有足够动力的同时尽量提高汽车的燃油经济性。追求最佳经济性和最大动力性共存，是汽车工业发展的恒久主题。而日益成熟的消费者也会更为理性的根据自己的需求来选择购买汽车，这就要求汽车设计者能够根据汽车动力性与燃油经济性之间的关系，根据不同的市场需求选定汽车的动力装置参数，获得最佳经济性和最大动力性。发动机最大功率和传动系传动比的确定，首先应考虑满足新设计车辆的动力性要求（最高车速、最大爬坡度、加速能力等），同时还要兼顾汽车燃油经济性的要求。

关键词：动力性 燃油经济性 最大功率 传动系传动比

Abstract

Today the energy saving and environmental protection has become a theme ,which it requires a car to maximize its fuel economy while protect the car has enough power. So pursuiting the best economy and maximum power of coexistence is a enduring theme in the automotive industry. The increasingly sophisticated consumers will be more rational to choose according to their needs to buy a car, which requires car designers and vehicle dynamics based on the relationship between fuel economy, depending on market demand selected cars power plant parameters, optimum and maximum dynamic economy. Maximum engine power and drive train transmission ratio is determined, the first consideration should be given to meet the new design of the vehicle's power requirements (maximum speed, maximum gradeability, acceleration, etc.), while also taking into account the vehicle fuel economy requirements.

Key words: dynamic fuel economy maximum engine power drive train transmission

目 录

摘要···································································································I

Abstract······························································································II

第一章 引言·····················································································1

1.1 背景及意义················································································1

第二章 整车基本型式的确定与各系统主要参数的选择······················3

2.1 整车基本型式的确定···································································3

2.1.1 发动机的种类和型式···························································3

2.1.2 汽车的轴数和驱动型式························································4

2.1.3 车头驾驶室的型式······························································5

2.1.4 轮胎的选择·······································································6

2.2 各系统主要参数的选择································································7

2.3 小结························································································10

第三章 汽车发动机的选型·······························································11

3.1 发动机基本形式的选择································································11

3.2 主要性能指标的选择···································································13

3.2.1 发动机最大功率 P_emax 及其相应的转速n_p计算························13

3.2.2 发动机最大转矩T_emax 及其相应的转速n_T 计算·························16

3.2.3 发动机比功率P_b 的确定······················································17

3.2.4 发动机的适应性系数···························································17

3.3 小结························································································18

第四章 动力装置参数的计算与选定···················································19

4．1 最小传动比的选择····································································19

4．2 轮胎参数的确定·······································································20

4．3 最大传动比的选择····································································21

4.5传动系挡数与各挡传动比的选择·····················································22

4.5 小结························································································24

第五章 整车动力性的设计计算························································26

5.1汽车在变速器各挡位时的速度特性··················································26

5.2 汽车各挡位的牵引特性································································26

5.3 汽车各挡位的动力因素································································29

5.4 汽车各挡位的最大爬坡度·····························································30

5.5 整车的功率平衡·········································································31

5.6 本章小结··················································································32

第六章 汽车的燃油经济性计算·················································34

6.1 汽车等速行驶工况的燃油消耗量（mL/s）·········································34

6.2 汽车等速行驶工况的百公里油耗量（L/100km）·································36

6.3 小结························································································39

参考文献···························································································40

致谢··································································································41

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