论文总字数：19688字

摘 要

制动器是汽车最重要的结构之一，制动器的性能影响车辆行驶的安全性。而制动器的结构、形状、和布置形式直接决定制动器的制动效能和制动的稳定性。

本次设计主要以依维柯轻型客车的鼓式制动器为研究对象，通过设计计算得出鼓式制动器重要件尺寸和形态。运用三维建模软件CATIA建立制动底板、制动蹄、摩擦衬片等重要件的三维模型。在此阶段中，还将得到的实体用于产生二维图，以达到图纸量的要求。三维模型建好后，导入到有限元分析软件ANSYS中进行分析，通过对鼓式制动器摩擦衬片与制动鼓之间施加力的作用，使制动蹄压紧制动鼓。通过该软件模拟实际制动情况下的载荷力，一步步加到计算所得的最大载荷之内，在此过程中记录鼓式制动器模型上的压力变化，并截屏分析。在老师要求下，绘制图纸。通过软件自带的分析功能，求解之前设置的尺寸值是否满足实际情况。

关键词：鼓式制动器 建模 有限元分析 载荷力

CAE analysis of key parts of drum brake of hybrid electric light bus

Abstract

The brake is one of the most important structures of the car, the performance of the brake affects the safety of the vehicle . The structure, shape, and layout of the brake directly determine the brake effectiveness and the stability of the brake .
This design mainly takes the drum brake of IVECO light bus as the research object, and obtains the dimension and shape of drum brake according to the design calculation. Using three-dimensional modeling software CATIA to establish the three-dimensional model of the brake base plate, brake shoe, friction pad and other important parts. In this stage, the entity will also be used to generate two-dimensional drawings to meet the requirements of the drawings. After the 3d model is built, it is introduced into the finite element analysis software ANSYS to analyze the effect of the force between the drum brake friction pad and the brake drum, so that the brake shoe pinches the brake drum. Through the software simulation of the actual brake load force, step by step to the calculation of the maximum load, in the process of recording drum brake model pressure changes, and screen capture analysis. Draw the drawing at the teacher's request. Through the analysis function of the software, whether the size value set before solving is satisfied with the actual situation.

Keywords: Drum brake;Finite element;Mode analysis;Contactpressure

目 录

摘 要………………………………………………………………………………I

Abstract …………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论 ……………………………………………………………………1

1.1 引言 ………………………………………………………………………1

1.2 国内外研究概况 …………………………………………………………2

第二章 鼓式制动器设计计算和校核………………………………………4

2.1 鼓式制动器选择 …………………………………………………………4

2.2 鼓式制动器结构参数的初步选择 ………………………………………4

2.3 制动器主要参数的确定 …………………………………………………8

2.4 鼓式制动器校核计算……………………………………………………11

2.5 本章小结…………………………………………………………………15

第三章 鼓式制动器三维建模 ……………………………………………17

3.1逆向建模 …………………………………………………………………17

3.2 三维激光扫描技术………………………………………………………18

3.3 点云数据的得到与预处理………………………………………………18

3.4 建立三维模型……………………………………………………………19

3.5 三维图转二维图…………………………………………………………23

3.6 三维模型装配……………………………………………………………24

第四章 鼓式制动器有限元分析……………………………………………26

4.1 ANSYS软件介绍…………………………………………………………26

4.2 前处理 …………………………………………………………………27

4.3 加载阶段 ………………………………………………………………29

4.4 变形分析 ………………………………………………………………31

4.5 总结 ……………………………………………………………………33

结语 ………………………………………………………………………………34

参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………35

致谢 ………………………………………………………………………………36

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