论文总字数：67203字

摘 要

本次毕业设计的题目是矿用自卸车举升机构设计及总体布置。矿用自卸车是矿业生产中的重要设备，它具有载荷量大，车速低，运距短等主要特点。车厢和举升机构是重要的工作装置，对于车辆可靠工作、自动倾倒货物具有重要作用。

本次设计中，首先对底盘进行了选型。在确定底盘型号后，根据底盘数据参数进行设计及总体布置。设计的内容主要有车厢的设计、举升机构的设计、液压系统的设计的副车架的设计。其中车厢的设计和举升机构的设计是本次设计中的重点。车厢的设计包括：1.比较举行车厢和簸箕型车厢的优缺点，并选择车厢的结构形式；2.确定车厢的大小尺寸和钢板厚度；3.确定车厢的铰接点位置；4.确定车厢拦板的开合机构。举升机构的设计包括：1.比较直推式和连杆式举升机构的优缺点；2.完成油缸的选型；3.设计油缸和车厢、油缸和副车架铰接点。

由于矿用自卸车的工作条件较为恶劣，其安全性，可靠性十分重要。在完成初步的设计之后，需要对货箱举升过程进行仿真，确保举升过程的安全性和平稳性。其次，还需要对各关键部位进行强度校核，确保各个零件的可靠性。

关键词：自卸车；举升机构；液压系统

ABSTRACT

The title of this graduation project is the lifting mechanism design and general layout of mine dump truck. Mine dump truck is an important equipment in mining production, it has the main characteristics of large load, low speed and short distance. The carriage and lifting mechanism are important working devices, which play an important role in the reliable operation of the vehicle and the automatic dumping of goods.

The design, first of all, the selection of the chassis. After determining the chassis model, design and overall layout according to the chassis data parameters. The content of the design mainly includes the design of the carriage, the design of the lifting mechanism, the design of the hydraulic system of the subframe design. The design of the carriage and the design of the lifting mechanism is the focus of this design. The design of the carriage includes: 1. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the carriage and the dustpan carriage, and choose the structural form of the carriage; 2. Determine the size of the carriage and the thickness of the steel plate;3. Determine the position of the hinged point of the carriage;4. Determine the opening and closing mechanism of the railing. The design of the lifting mechanism includes: 1. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the direct push mechanism and the connecting rod mechanism; 2. Complete the selection of oil cylinder;3. Design oil cylinder and carriage, oil cylinder and sub-frame hinge points.

The safety and reliability of mine dump truck are very important because of its poor working conditions. After the preliminary design is completed, the box lifting process needs to be simulated to ensure the safety and stability of the lifting process. It is also necessary to check the strength of each key part to ensure the reliability of each part.

Key words: dump truck; Lifting mechanism; The hydraulic system

目录

摘 要 1

ABSTRACT 2

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 the topic proposal 1

1.2 the source and research significance of the topic 1

1.3 research overview and development trend of mine dump truck at home and abroad 2

1.3.1 foreign research and development status 3

1.3.2 domestic research development status 3

1.4 search content 4

1.4.1 basic contents of the design; 4

1.4.2 the main problems that need to be simulated and checked in the design 6

Chapter 2 determination of the parameters of the vehicle and the design of the carriage 7

2.1 determination of vehicle size parameters 7

2.2 determination of quality parameters 7

2.3 selection of carriage form 8

2.4 selection of materials for carriages 10

2.5 design specification and size determination of the carriage 10

2.7 chapter summary 11

Chapter 3 design of hydraulic lifting mechanism 13

3.1 the performance of the hydraulic lifting mechanism shall be satisfied 13

3.2 main evaluation parameters of lifting system performance 14

3.3 determination of the scheme of hydraulic lifting mechanism 16

3.3.1 brief description of hydraulic lifting mechanism 16

3.3.2 selection of scheme of hydraulic lifting mechanism 18

3.4 determination of geometric dimensions of lifting mechanism 19

3.4.1 determination of hinged points between the carriage and the sub-frame 20

3.4.2 determination of the lifting mechanism and the fulcrum A of the front hinge during carriage release. ₀ 20

3.4.3 determination of fulcrum of hydraulic cylinder and sub-frame 21

3.4.4 determination of the C₀ coordinate and A₀C length of the fulcrum in the triangular arm at the time of carriage release 21

3.4.5 determine the hinge point B₀ between the pull rod and the triangle arm when the carriage is put down 22

3.4.6 determine the hinge point D of the tie rod and the sub-frame and the length of the tie rod 23

3.5 mechanical analysis of lifting mechanism 23

3.5.1 coordinate calculation of the mechanism 24

3.5.2 mechanism force analysis 25

3.5.3 determination of the section size of the tie rod 26

3.6 motion simulation 28

3.7 chapter summary 30

Chapter iv Calculation of hydraulic system 31

4.1 selection of hydraulic cylinder 31

4.2 calculation of hydraulic pump performance parameters 32

4.3 calculation of tank capacity and tubing diameter 33

4.3.1 calculation of oil tank volume in hydraulic system 33

4.3.2 calculation of hydraulic pipeline inner diameter 34

4.4 system pressure check 34

4.5 check the lifting time of the carriage 35

Chapter 5 subframe design 37

5.1 main dimensions of the selected chassis main frame 37

5.2 structural design of sub-frame 37

5.2.1 appearance of sub-frame 37

5.2.2 material selection of sub-frame 38

5.2.3 cross section shape of sub-frame 38

5.2.4 the front increase shape and installation position of the sub-frame 39

5.3 connection design between the sub-frame and the main frame 40

5.4 determination of frame size 42

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