摘 要

对于汽车来说，制动系统是一个必不可少的系统，随着科学技术的迅猛发展，制动系统也从以前的机械式制动系统慢慢发展为现在的线控制动系统，也就是电控制动系统。线控制动属于智能汽车和电动汽车中的关键零部件，而减速传动机构是其中的重要组成部分，对减速机构设计的好坏直接关系到线控制动的性能优劣。对于线控制动系统的减速机构的设计和研究主要分为两个部分：对于线控制动系统的方式的选择和对减速机构类型设计。线控制动系统可分为两类：机械式线控制动系统（EMB）和液压式线控制动系统（EHB）。本次设计的对象是纯电动汽车的电液式制动系统的减速机构,本次研究的主题内容是对于其减速机构的设计和校核。第一步，由给定的电机参数和制动主缸的推力，参考汽车设计和汽车理论选择合适的传动比，为进一步分析计算做准备。第二步，由所得到的传动比，选择合适的传动效率，参考汽车构造和汽车设计以及汽车系统动力学来计算和设计减速机构的类型以及布置型式。第三步，再次检查所设计的各个尺寸数据，对设计的减速机构进行必要的校核，并且分析其各类摩擦力，对其进行受力分析。第四步，整理所有数据尺寸，并运用Catia对设计的减速机构进行三维建模，画出装配图和各个零件图。转换为二维图后，进行进一步的图样绘制。最后完成设计计算说明书的撰写和进一步完善，准备答辩。

关键词：线控制动，主缸，EHB，传动比

Abstract

The braking system is an essential system for a car. With the rapid development of science and technology, braking system have also developed from the previous mechanical brake system to the brake by wire system,which is also called the brake control system.Brake by wire are key parts of intelligent vehicles and electric vehicles, and the deceleration transmission mechanism is one of the most important parts. The design of the gear reducer is directly related to the performance of the line control. For brake by wire system of the deceleration mechanism design and research is divided into two parts: the selection of brake by wire system and the deceleration mechanism type design.The brake by wire system can be divided into two categories: mechanical line control system (EMB) control system and the hydraulic line (EHB).The design of the object is the deceleration mechanism of a pure electric vehicle electronic hydraulic braking system.The theme of this study is the design and check of its reduction mechanism.The first step, by the given motor parameters and the brake master cylinder of the thrust, reference Vehicle‘s design and automotive theory to select the appropriate transmission ratio, to prepare for further analysis and calculation. The second step is to calculate and design the type of reduction mechanism and the layout pattern of the vehicle structure and vehicle system dynamics, by choosing appropriate transmission efficiency, referring to the automobile structure and automobile design as well as the vehicle system dynamics. The third step is to check the design of the various dimensions of the data once again , to check the design of the deceleration mechanism necessary , and the analysis of its various types of friction, the stress analysis. The fourth step is to finish all the data size, and use Catia tool to build the three-dimensional modeling of the design of the deceleration mechanism , drawing the assembly drawing and parts drawing. After conversion to two-dimensional map, for further drawing. At last, complete the writing and further improvement of the design calculation specification.

Key words:Brake by wire, master cylinder, EHB, transmission ratio

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

第2章 线控制动系统结构形式的设计 3

2.1 初选传动方式 3

2.2 整车参数的选择 3

2.3 电机参数 3

2.4 制动力的计算 4

2.5 轮缸的设计计算 4

2.5.1 轮缸上的制动压力的计算 4

2.5.2轮缸的材料选择 5

2.5.3 轮缸内径的设计计算 5

2.6 主缸计算 6

2.6.1 主缸的内径 6

2.6.2 主缸推力的计算 6

2.7 传动比的初步计算 7

第3章 减速机构的设计 8

3.1 材料的选择 8

3.2 蜗轮蜗杆的失效形式 8

3.3 蜗轮蜗杆传动的初步设计 8

3.4 蜗轮蜗杆传动的主要参数及其选择 10

3.5 蜗轮蜗杆的尺寸计算 12

3.6蜗轮蜗杆的受力分析 13

3.7 齿条的结构设计 14

第4章 蜗轮蜗杆的校核 16

4.1 蜗轮蜗杆校核 16

4.2 蜗轮齿面接触疲劳强度校核 16

4.3 蜗杆强度校核 17

4.4 蜗轮蜗杆传动的效率 19

4.5 蜗轮蜗杆传动的润滑 20

4.6 蜗轮蜗杆的热平衡校核 20

第5章 结 论 22

参考文献 23

致 谢 24