武汉理工大学毕业设计（论文）

无人驾驶微型巴士内饰虚拟设计

学院（系）： 国际教育学院

专业班级： 车辆工程gj1402

学生姓名： 封丰

指导教师： 孙胜男

学位论文原创性声明

本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包括任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。

作者签名：封丰

2018年 06月 06日

Abstract

Self-driving Minibus have become an emerging trend in the world. Based on the characteristics of a fixed commuting route of the bus, the use of driverless technology can greatly improve the operating efficiency and save operating costs. Unmanned driving can also provide passengers with greater and more comfortable seating space.Its special driving characteristics determine that its interior is different from regular buses. This paper analyzes the structural form and functional facilities of unmanned buses, comprehensively considers the requirements of dynamics, economy, comfort, ergonomics, etc., reasonably determines the main interior layout of the bus, and designs seats through ergonomics. The process of designing the general layout of the car body is described in detail. It also strictly checked the interior safety according to fire safety, and refined the interior parts according to the user experience.

Keywords: Self-driving Minibus, Interior design, Fire control.

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 Background of this Question 2

1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Question 5

1.3 Domestic Research Status 6

1.4 Overseas Research Status 7

1.5 The basic content of the study 7

1.6 Research goals 8

1.7 Proposed technical solutions and measures 8

Chapter 2 Model Reference and Determination 9

2.1 Model determination 9

2.2 Size determination 9

2.3 Preliminary design analysis of the interior 9

2.4 Body Design 10

Chapter 3 Seat Design 12

3.1 Front and rear seats 12

3.1.1 Ergonomic analysis 12

3.1.3 Seat support 16

3.2 side folding seat 21

Chapter 4 Auxiliary facilities 24

4.1 Handrails 24

4.2 Displays 25

4.3 Get off button 26

Chapter 5 Fire Safety Facilities 28

5.1 emergency door handle 28

5.2 Fire Hammer 29

5.3 fire extinguisher 30

Chapter 6 Air Conditioning 33

6.1 Air Conditioning 33

6.2 Selection of Compressors 35

Chapter 7 Interior Design 38

7.1 Interior Finishes and Flame Retardant Properties 38

7.2 interior color and lighting 40

Summary 42

Acknowledgements 43

References 44

Chapter 1 Introduction

Background of this Question

In recent years, various countries have successively launched and commissioned driverless minibuses. Lyon, France, unveiled an unmanned electric bus that can be transported between 10km/h and 5 stations in the city center. The journey takes approximately 10 minutes. The car is equipped with laser detectors, video cameras and electronic systems to detect and analyze the surroundings. Environment, avoid collisions.

The first Digital China Construction Summit was held in Fuzhou from April 22nd to April 24th. Baidu announced that China’s commercial-grade unmanned bus, Apollon, will be used for public trials. This is the first time that China’s L4 unmanned vehicles have been tested for the public. In the future, the driverless bus will be used in scenic spots, airports and other scenarios. According to reports, Apollon equipped with Apollo's automatic driving solution, based on high-precision maps and intelligent perception technology, according to real-time perception of environmental information, high-precision map data, to achieve optimal planning of the travel path, but also can predict the vehicle, Pedestrians' behaviors and intentions make driving decisions suitable for road conditions to ensure the safe driving of vehicles.

Of course, for the industry, the key point is that the breakthrough in unmanned buses will bring about a reduction in the safety risks of passenger cars. According to statistics from the National Road Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), only about 6% of car crashes are related to automobile breakdowns, weather conditions, etc. The rest are caused by drunk driving, distracted driving and other human factors. Driverless technology has advantages in terms of timeliness, accuracy, and safety, and can avoid human judgment or safety hazards caused by operational errors. At the same time, with the development of unmanned driving technology, the product form of the passenger car will also change in the future, and the body configuration will also carry out design innovations concerning passengers' rest, entertainment, communication, and work. The road to the future may be even harder than it seems, but this change has begun. The Golden Brigade is one of the leaders in this wave of change. The following figure shows several pilotless domestic and foreign pilot buses.

Figure 1-1 Lyon, France launched trial operation of unmanned mini-bus

Figure 1-2 Intreriors of Olli producted by Local Motors

Figure 1-2 Airport Trial Operation of Domestic Apollo

Figure 1-3 Inside of Apollo

Purpose and Significance of the Question

Domestic automobile manufacturing industry started comparatively late, and there is still a big gap between the overall technology level and foreign countries. The automobile industry is basically based on manufacturing, and the design power is still weak. The automobile styling design mainly improves the localization of existing foreign models. From the perspective of the use of automobiles, the intelligent transportation system in China is basically still in its infancy, and the application of information technology in automobiles is still limited. The car's informationization is still very slow. At the same time, China is lagging behind in foreign countries in the study of the automotive power and transmission systems, control systems and other mechanical components, so the interior design of the car is still tied to the original framework system is mainly referring to the United States SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers ) The definition of the interior size sequence, and the design of the two-dimensional H-Point body template or the three-dimensional H-Point body model, is also limited to the modification and adjustment of specific components, such as seat arrangement, instruments, and buttons. Design, etc., cannot change the internal space of the car from the overall design ideas, and cannot create an intelligent and humanized interior space. At the same time, the research on automotive interiors in China is mainly focused on the level of technology, such as engineering, materials, or human-machine-scale research, and it rarely starts from the needs of people under new era conditions. From the perspective of comprehensive discussion, there is not enough concern about the emotional and emotional aspects, and corresponding literature data are rarely involved. However, it is worth noting that China’s progress in this area can be seen through our own development and cooperation with foreign companies and technology introduction. The arrival of the information society and the renewal of scientific and technological means indicate a new round of changes in the development of human society. This indicates that our lifestyle, production methods, and modes of transportation will all undergo tremendous changes. This is a rare opportunity for a rapidly developing China. We can completely avoid the detours of the developed countries and directly take the high-speed route to the future. This requires us to have an in-depth understanding of and scientific analysis of the future development trends, and to propose appropriate solutions.

Recently, unmanned buses are appearing all over the world, and their broad prospects for commercialization have attracted the interest of many countries. In fact, in the unmanned area where passenger cars and commercial vehicles are co-operating, commercial vehicles are no longer expected to be unmanned. Unmanned driving is divided into two modes: TC and TB. One is for passenger cars and the other is for commercial vehicles. It takes a relatively long time for the passenger vehicle industry to realize commercial operation, because it cannot limit the area where users drive. On the contrary, in the field of commercial vehicles, such as micro-circulation buses and sightseeing buses, because of their fixed line range, the use environment is relatively simple, and they are at low speeds, making it easier to achieve unmanned driving [1].