论文总字数：18896字

摘 要

本文针对某A/O生化装置对污水中氮的去除率远低于同行业同类装置，出水氨氮和总氮不能够稳定满足控制指标这一发现，借助南京工业大学在处理复杂工业废水以及水处理微生物方面已具备的技术基础，开发出水质溯源 有毒物质脱毒预处理 功能性填料固定硝化菌组合的全套新工艺。通过该套工艺调查分析来源污水的水质，经过预处理之后（预处理方法当中COD和TOC去除效果最好的是芬顿反应与铁碳微电解,），采用GC-MS分析结果，找出特征污染物对废水处理过程脱氮效果与脱氮菌毒性影响大小为：吡啶＞甲苯，当甲苯浓度高于10mg/L就会对脱氮菌产生毒害作用，而吡啶在5mg/L的浓度之下就能产生毒害作用，使亚硝化单胞菌的相对丰度出现了明显的减少现象。在此基础上进一步确认本文中新工艺的实际脱氮效果高达95%以上。这对于有效改善出水水质，使排放废水含氮物质的稳定达标，为水厂的节能减排指标的完成具有重要意义。

关键词：生物脱氮影响因素 强化脱氮全套新技术 脱氮微生物活性测定 特征污染物

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Biological Nitrogen Removal from Refinery Wastewater and New Nitrogen Removal Technology

Abstract

In view of the discovery that the removal rate of nitrogen in sewage by an A/O biochemical device is far lower than that of similar devices in the same industry, and the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in effluent cannot stably meet the control indexes, a complete set of new technologies including water quality traceability, detoxification pretreatment of toxic substances and immobilization of nitrifying bacteria with functional fillers have been developed based on the technical foundation of Nanjing University of Technology in the treatment of complex industrial wastewater and water treatment microorganisms. After pretreatment (Fenton reaction and iron-carbon microelectrolysis have the best removal effect of COD and TOC among pretreatment methods), GC-MS analysis results are used to find out the influence of characteristic pollutants on denitrification effect and denitrogenation bacteria toxicity in wastewater treatment process: pyridine amp;gt; toluene. when toluene concentration is higher than 10mg/L, denitrogenation bacteria will be poisoned, while pyridine can be poisoned under the concentration of 5mg/L, which makes the relative abundance of nitrosomonas appear obvious reduction phenomenon. On this basis, it is further confirmed that the actual denitrification effect of the new process in this paper is as high as over 95%. This is of great significance for the effective improvement of effluent quality, the stable compliance of nitrogen-containing substances in wastewater discharge, and the completion of energy conservation and emission reduction targets in water plants.

Keywords: Factors affecting biological nitrogen removal; New technology for enhanced denitrification of sewage;Determination of Denitrifying Microorganism Activity

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 III

第一章 绪论 1

1.1前言 1

1.2炼化废水主要污染物 1

1.3四种污水高级氧化预处理方法 2

1.4强化脱氮技术 4

1.5研究目的与意义 5

第二章材料与方法 7

2.1实验材料 7

2.1.1活性污泥 7

2.1.2高级氧化预处理 7

2.1.3 硝化细菌培养基 7

2.1.4特征污染物 8

2.1.5实验所用药品 8

2.1.6实验仪器 8

2.2实验方法 8

2.2.1四种污水高级氧化预处理实验步骤 8

2.2.2菌群筛选与纯化 9

2.2.3 活性污泥指标 10

2.2.4 COD的测定方法 11

2.2.5 氨氮的测定 11

2.2.6 微生物分析 12

2.2.7 特征污染物对脱氮菌群的影响 13

第三章结果与讨论 14

3.1四种污水高级氧化预处理方法 14

3.1.1 原始水样的理化性质 14

3.1.2 不同预处理的效果对比 14

3.1.3 气质联用分析四种预处理方法的结果 16

3.1.4结论 19

3.2特征污染物对功能菌的毒性分析 20

3.2.1 特征污染物对脱氮菌群的影响 20

3.2.2 特征污染物对脱氮效率的影响 22

第四章结论与展望 24

4.1结论 24

4.2展望 24

参考文献 25

致谢 27

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