微生物耐热元器件的筛选及其在鞘氨醇单胞菌中的应用毕业论文
2022-02-16 21:00:48
论文总字数:24160字
摘 要
威兰胶(welan gum)是一种可溶性微生物多糖,具有良好的耐高温性、耐酸碱性和耐盐性,可通过革兰氏阴性菌鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas sp.)好氧发酵生产而成,广泛应用于石油开采、食品、水泥、油墨等行业。威兰胶生产过程中限制性因素之一是发酵体系的温度往往高于微生物最适合的生长温度,而微生物自身无法降到生长适宜的温度,需要消耗大量冷却水;此外,炎热的夏季,冷却水很难将发酵温度控制在30 ℃,导致部分地区季节性停产。严重影响了威兰胶的生产效率,造成成本居高不下以及对资源的严重浪费。因此,只有提高威兰胶生产菌株的温度耐受性,才能从根本上解决上述问题。热休克蛋白(heat shock protein)是一种分子伴侣,参与蛋白的正确折叠、聚合、转运和信号传递等重要生理过程,当周围温度有显著变化或其他不利环境条件时,热休克蛋白可以防止细胞产生不可逆伤害甚至死亡。本课题利用基因工程技术扩增极端微生物——火色杆菌(Flammeovirga sp.)来源的热休克蛋白基因片段,使其在鞘氨醇单胞菌中表达,以此来提高菌体对温度的耐受性,进一步提高威兰胶产量。本论文主要研究内容如下:
- 成功克隆了火色杆菌来源的4个热休克蛋白,并构建了相应的大肠杆菌重组菌株。对重组菌株的耐热性能进行表征,发现热休克蛋白的异源表达可不同程度上提高大肠杆菌的温度耐受性。
- 将部分热休克蛋白在威兰胶生产菌株中表达,重组菌株在40 ℃下生长良好,摇瓶发酵结果显示,威兰胶产量可达到16.05 ± 0.30 g/L,比对照菌株(5.82 ± 0.11 g/L)提高1.75倍。
关键词:威兰胶 鞘氨醇单胞菌 温度耐受性 热休克蛋白
Screening of heat-resistant components in microbes and its application in Sphingomonas sp.
Abstract
Welan gum is a kind of soluble microbial polysaccharide, which has good high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and salt tolerance. It can be aerobic by Gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas sp. Fermentation production, and it was widely used in oil extraction, food, cement, ink and other industries. One of the limiting factors in the production process is that the temperature of the fermentation system is often higher than the optimum growth temperature of the microorganisms, and the microorganisms themselves cannot be reduced to the appropriate temperature for growth and consume a lot of cooling water. Therefore, only to improve the temperature tolerance of Welan gum production strains in order to fundamentally solve the above problems. Heat shock protein is a molecular chaperone, involved in protein folding, polymerization, transport and signal transmission and other important physiological processes. When the ambient temperature has significantly changed or other adverse environmental conditions, heat shock protein can prevent cells resulting in irreversible damage or even death. In this study, the heat shock protein gene fragment derived from Flammeovirga sp. To further improve the Welan gum production. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:
1. Four heat shock proteins from Helicobacter sp. were successfully cloned and the corresponding recombinant strains of E. coli were constructed. The thermostability of the recombinant strain was characterized by the heterologous expression of heat shock protein, which could improve the temperature tolerance of Escherichia coli to different extent.
2.The recombinant strain was grown at 40 ℃. The results showed that the yield of Welan gum was 16.05 ± 0.30 g / L, which was higher than that of the control strain (5.82 ± 0.11 g / L) increased by 1.75 times.
Keywords: Welan gum; Sphingomonas sp.; HSP; Temperature tolerance
目 录
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II第一章 文献综述…………………………………………………………………1
1.1 威兰胶的结构与功能……………………………………………………1
1.2威兰胶工业化生产中的问题………………………………………………3
1.3 抗逆基因元件的挖掘与应用…………………………………………………3
1.4 论文研究意义和技术框架……………………………………………………4
第二章 微生物耐热元件的挖掘及其在大肠杆菌中的应用……………5
2.1材料与方法……………………………………………………………………5
2.1.1 实验仪器及试剂…………………………………………………5
2.1.2菌种及质粒………………………………………………………6
2.1.3培养基及培养条件………………………………………………7
2.1.4重组质粒构建……………………………………………………7
2.1.5大肠杆菌感受态的制备及转化…………………………………9
2.1.6转化子鉴定………………………………………………………10
2.1.7重组菌株温度耐受性考察……………………………………11
2.2 结果与讨论……………………………………………………………11
2.2.1微生物耐热元件的挖掘……………………………………………11
2.2.2 重组菌株的构建………………………………………………12
2.2.3耐热元件的诱导表达及工程菌的耐热性能评价…………………13
2.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………15
第三章 耐热元件基因表达强化威兰胶生产菌株温度耐受性研究…16
3.1材料与方法……………………………………………………………16
3.1.1 实验仪器及试剂…………………………………………………16
3.1.2 菌种及质粒………………………………………………………16
3.1.3培养基及培养条件…………………………………………………17
3.1.4 重组质粒构建…………………………………………………………18
3.1.5重组广宿主质粒与Sphingomonas sp. HT-1之间的接合转移………19
3.1.6转化子鉴定……………………………………………………………20
3.1.7重组鞘氨醇单胞菌不同温度下生长、生产性能考察………………20
3.2 重组表达载体的构建与验证………………………………………………20
3.3重组鞘氨醇单胞菌的构建…………………………………………………22
3.4重组鞘氨醇单胞菌不同温度下生长、生产性能考察……………………22
3.5 本章小结……………………………………………………………………24
第四章 结论与展望……………………………………………………………25
4.1结论…………………………………………………………………………25
4.2 展望…………………………………………………………………………25
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………26
致谢………………………………………………………………………………28
第一章 文献综述
发酵工业是现代工业的重要组成部分,其产品广泛应用于食品、药品、能源等方面,支撑着几百种工业产品和价值几十亿美元的工业产值。然而在工业发酵环境下,微生物面临非生理应用条件的胁迫,较为突出的是微生物代谢热、机械搅拌热导致的高温胁迫。为了维持微生物所需的生存和生产条件,需要采用不断冷却等措施,因此产生大量的能耗和下游污染。研究报道称,对于30吨的发酵罐,工业菌株耐受温度提高5 oC,成本将节约30,000美元/年。(我国发酵行业能耗较国际先进水平高40 %,水耗高55 %,发酵行业废水排放达80亿m3/年 、COD排放500万吨/年,分别占工业排放总量10 %、20%)。
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