解脂耶氏酵母重组菌产γ-亚麻酸发酵条件优化毕业论文
2022-04-04 22:09:58
论文总字数:18933字
摘 要
γ-亚麻酸(γ-linolenic acid,简称GLA)是全顺式6,9 ,12一十八碳三烯酸,是一种人体必需的一种脂肪酸,但是人体无法自身合成。由于γ-亚麻酸对免疫系统、心血管系统、生殖系统乃至神经系统上的生理和药理作用,受到人们的日益关注。γ-亚麻酸广泛的存在于植物种子中,但是提炼成本高,影响因素多,因此微生物发酵法生产γ-亚麻酸成为了研究的热点。本论文主要研究的是一种具有代表性的非常规酵母——解脂耶氏酵母,其具有广泛的底物,特别是利用有机酸和蛋白类的物质,除此之外,其还有已测定的全基因组序列,较强的遗传操作性以及代谢产物大量分泌的优点。本论文以解脂耶氏酵母重组菌为出发菌株,针对生物素,温度等因素对γ-亚麻酸产量的影响开展研究。结论如下:
1)考察生物素对解脂耶氏酵母生产γ-亚麻酸产量的影响。通过设计不同浓度梯度的生物素添加量,结果表明,当生物素添加量为10 μg/L的时候,解脂耶氏酵母重组菌P01f-6-D的生物量达到最大,为1.5 g,相比未添加生物素增加18%。生物素添加量对解脂耶氏酵母的干菌体中油脂含量的影响很小。
2)考察温度对解脂耶氏酵母生产γ-亚麻酸产量的影响。通过20 ℃和28 ℃的对照试验,结果表明20 ℃条件下更有利于γ-亚麻酸的生产。20 ℃下,γ-亚麻酸的含油量为5.1%,28 ℃下,γ-亚麻酸的含油量为3.7%。由此可见20 ℃相对于28 ℃更有利于γ-亚麻酸的生产。
关键词:解脂耶氏酵母 γ-亚麻酸 生物素 温度
Optimization of fermentation conditions for production of gamma linolenic acid by engineered yeast
ABSTRACT
Gamma linolenic acid is cis-6,9,12, eighteen carbon acid, and gamma linolenic acid is an essential fatty acid for human body, but human cannot synthesize himself. Due to the physiological and pharmacological effects of gamma linolenic acid on the immune system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system and even nervous system, people pay more and more attention to it. Gamma linolenic acid widely exists in plant seeds, but it has many influential factors, so it is a hot spot to study the production of gamma linolenic acid by microbial fermentation. The main work of this study was to study a representative of the nonconventional yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica, which has a wide range of substrates, especially the use of organic acids and protein substances. In addition, the whole genome have been available, the strong genetic manipulation and secrete a large number of metabolites. In this paper, we studied the effect of temperature and other factors on the production of gamma linolenic acid by using the solution of the yeast as the starting strain. Conclusions are as follows:
1) In order to verify the effect of biotin on the production of gamma linolenic acid. We have designed different concentration gradient of biological biotin. The results showed that when biotin was added to 10 g/L, biological quantity of Yarrowia lipolytica recombinant strain P01f-6-D reached the maximum, 1.5 g,compared to no added biotin increased by 18%. The effect of biotin content on the oil content of dry mycelium of lipolytica Yarrowia was small.
2) In order to verify the effect of temperature on the production of gamma linolenic acid. According to the control experiment of 20 ℃ and 28 ℃, the results showed that the production of gamma linolenic acid was more favorable under the conditions of 20 ℃. In the 20 ℃, the content of the oil is 5.1%, and the content of oil is 28, and the oil content is 3.7%. This research showed that 20 ℃ is more conducive to the production of gamma linolenic acid compared to 28 ℃.
Keywords: Yarrowia lipolytica; Gamma linolenic acid; Temperature; Biotin
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 解脂耶氏酵母 1
1.3 γ-亚麻酸简介、来源、应用及开发前景 2
1.3.1 γ-亚麻酸的简介 2
1.3.2 γ-亚麻酸的来源 2
1.3.3 γ-亚麻酸的应用 3
1.3.4 γ-亚麻酸的开发前景 3
1.4 发酵法生产γ-亚麻酸的影响因素 4
1.4.1 温度 4
1.4.2 前体物 4
1.4.3 生物素 5
1.5 本论文研究的目的、意义和主要内容 5
1.5.1 本论文的研究目的和意义 5
1.5.2 本论文的主要内容 6
第二章 材料和方法 7
2. 1 菌种 7
2. 2 实验试剂 7
2. 3 实验仪器 7
2. 4 培养基 8
2. 5 培养方法 8
2. 6 分析方法 8
第三章 实验结果和讨论 10
3.1 生物素对解脂耶氏酵母产γ-亚麻酸的影响 10
3.2 温度对解脂耶氏酵母产γ-亚麻酸的影响 12
3.3 本章小结 15
第四章 结论的展望 17
4.1 结论 17
4.2 展望 17
参考文献 18
致谢 20
第一章 文献综述
1.1 引言
解脂耶氏酵母是一种安全、稳健的酵母,具有工业应用的历史[1]。解脂耶氏酵母是一种具代表性的底物广泛的非常规酵母。解脂耶氏酵母是一种可以在胞内积累大量的油脂的酵母,某些情况下油脂积累量可以超过其自身干重的一半。发酵指人们借助微生物在有氧或无氧条件下的生命活动来制备微生物菌体本身、或者直接代谢产物或次级代谢产物的过程[2]。γ-亚麻酸是一种具有多种生物活性和广阔的应用前景的多不饱和脂肪酸[3]。最初的γ-亚麻酸主要来源于月见草等植物的种子油。然而从植物中提取γ-亚麻酸受到多种因素的影响,所以其远不能满足市场方面的需求,因而用微生物发酵法生产γ-亚麻酸具有十分广阔的应用前景。综述,目前利用解脂耶氏酵母发酵生产γ-亚麻酸的菌株,对其代谢途径进行分析,重点总结了国内外有关菌种产γ-亚麻酸方面的研究,并对其生产能力及培养条件进行优化进行研究[4]。
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