论文总字数：17541字

摘 要

鹅掌楸(Liriodendron chinense )是木兰科鹅掌楸属落叶乔木，人工培育的杂交鹅掌楸在园林绿化和木材生产方面具有广泛的应用价值。体细胞胚发生技术是鹅掌楸种苗规模化生产的有效途径。本研究基于现有的杂交鹅掌楸体胚发生技术，采用液体方式进行154102基因型杂交鹅掌楸的体胚诱导；并利用植物生物反应器进行鹅掌楸种苗快繁。研究结果如下：

1. 通过愈伤液体培养筛选出单细胞，然后在液体培养基中进行体胚诱导。研究发现在蔗糖的浓度分别为20，30，40，50，60 g/L的液体培养基中，均可以诱导出体胚。但与固体培养诱导方式比，其体胚苗的发育状态较差，光暗培养后多为畸形，不利于诱导成苗。

（2）将成熟的体胚苗转接到植物生物反应器中种苗繁育，培养24d后，种苗的叶宽和根长均显著高于固体组培苗，株高也高于固体组培苗，整体长势更佳， 证实间歇浸没培养方式优于固体培养方式。初步建立了一种植物生物反应器快速培育杂交鹅掌楸种苗的新方法。

关键词: 杂交鹅掌楸; 液体诱导; 体细胞胚技术; 植物生物反应器

Somatic Embryo Induction and Seedling Culture of Hybrid Liriodendron by Plant Bioreactor

Abstract

Liriodendron chinense is a deciduous tree of the genus Liriodendron in the Magnoliaceae family. Hybrid Liriodendron has widely application value in landscaping and wood production. Somatic embryogenesis technology is an effective way to cultivate seedlings of hybrid Liriodendron and realize large-scale forest production. Based on the existing hybrid embryogenesis technology, the somatic embryo induction of 154102 genotype hybrid Liriodendron was carried out in liquid form; and the plant bioreactor was used to propagate seedlings. The research results are as follows:

(1) Single callus cells were selected, and then subjected to somatic embryo induction in a liquid medium. It was found that somatic embryos can be induced in liquid media with sucrose concentrations of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 g/L, respectively. However, compared with the induction method of solid culture, the development status of the somatic embryo is poor, and it is mostly deformed after light or dark culture, which is not conducive to induction of seedling formation.

(2) Transfer the mature somatic embryos to the plant bioreactor for seedling propagation. After 24 days of culture, the leaf width and root length of the seedlings were significantly higher than the solid tissue culture seedlings. The plant height is also higher than that of solid tissue culture seedlings.

It is proved that the intermittent immersion culture method is superior to the solid culture method, and a new method for rapidly cultivating the seedlings of hybrid Liriodendron in plant bioreactor is preliminarily established.

Key words：hybrid Liriodendron；Liquid induction；Somatic embryo technology； Plant bioreactor

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1鹅掌楸 1

1.2杂交鹅掌楸 1

1.3体细胞胚发生技术 1

1.3.1体细胞胚发生 1

1.3.2体细胞胚胎发生的方式 2

1.3.3体细胞胚胎发生的应用 2

1.4鹅掌楸的组培研究进展 3

1.5 研究目的与意义 4

第二章 液体培养诱导体胚 5

2.1材料与方法 5

2.1.1胚性愈伤组织的增殖 5

2.1.2胚性愈伤组织的继代 5

2.1.3单细胞筛选 6

2.1.4体胚诱导 6

2.2结果与分析 9

2.2.1 愈伤的增殖与继代 9

2.2.2 体胚诱导 9

第三章 植物生物反应器培养种苗 16

3.1材料与方法 16

3.1.1植物生物反应器培养 16

3.1.2固体组培瓶培养 16

3.2结果与分析 17

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1结论 19

4.2展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 23

1. 文献综述

1.1鹅掌楸

鹅掌楸为木兰科鹅掌楸属落叶乔木，是我国特有的二级珍稀树种，其花色呈黄色，大而美丽，又因叶子形似马褂，也被称为马褂木^[1-3]。鹅掌楸喜欢在阳光充足，气候温和湿润的条件下生长。第四纪冰期后，鹅掌楸属现在只存有两种，鹅掌楸和北美鹅掌楸，前一种主要分布于中国长江流域以南的山区，后一种主要分布在美国的中西部^[4]。鹅掌楸生长速度快，树干挺直，树冠开展，很少发生病虫害，所以可以用来做观赏物种和行道树，同时木材的结构很稳定，干燥情况下，木材不易开裂，纹理细致均匀，可以用于制作家具和纸张等，树叶和树皮可以入药，有祛风除湿的功能，有广泛的应用价值。但由于雌雄花期不育，种子的发芽率很低，自然环境下更新不良，扦插繁殖也比较困难，难以满足市场上的需求，所以通过组培技术研究出新的优良品种显得尤为重要。

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