尿素包合法富集纯化DHA藻油毕业论文
2022-01-31 21:55:06
论文总字数:19860字
摘 要
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)对人体的保健作用十分独特,其中以二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及二十二碳五烯酸(EPA)的作用最为显著。DHA是构成大脑和视网膜细胞磷脂的一部分[1],可以协助人体降低血脂和胆固醇,帮助人们提高智力,除此之外还有改善视力调节免系统等多重生理功效,对人类健康而言必不可少。由于人体不能直接合成DHA[2],提取DHA原料和DHA的分离方法是研究DHA的重点。长久以来,深海鱼类都作为人们提取DHA的传统来源,但由于其价格昂贵,人们对DHA的需求不断提高,仅仅依靠海洋鱼油已经不能完全满足社会需求,而海洋微藻所提供的DHA藻油作为一种更广阔、更便宜、更稳定的DHA来源出现在人们的视线。因此,研究如何从DHA藻油中富集纯化DHA是大规模降低成本的最有效途径。本文所研究的是如何采用尿素包合法从DHA藻油中富集纯化DHA。
本文采用尿素包合法对DHA藻油中的DHA进行富集提纯,得到的优化包合条件为:脲脂比为2:1、醇脲比为4:1、包合时间为8h及包合温度为4℃。度为4℃时,DHA的纯度可以从46.51%提高到70.62%。
关键词:DHA,尿素包合法,富集纯化
Enrichment of DHA from Algal Oil by Urea Complexation
ABSTRACT
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are very unique to the health of the human body, with the most significant effects of twenty-two - carbon - six - enoic acid (DHA) and twenty-two - carbon - five - enoic acid(EPA). DHA is a part of the phospholipids of the brain and retina cells. It has multiple physiological functions, such as reducing blood lipids and cholesterol, improving intelligence and improving vision regulation, and is essential to human health. Because the human body can not directly synthesize DHA, the separation of DHA and DHA is the focus of DHA research. For a long time, deep-sea fishes have been the traditional source of DHA extraction. However, the price of fish oil is very high when people's demand for DHA is increasing. The marine fish oil can not fully meet the needs of the society. DHA algal oil is provided by marine microalgae which is treated as a broader, cheaper and more stable source of DHA. Therefore, studying how to enrich and purify DHA from DHA algal oil is the most effective way of comprehensive development and large-scale cost reduction. The purpose of this paper is to learn how to enrich and purify DHA from DHA algal oil by urea adduction.
DHA in DHA alga oil was enriched and purified with urea package. The optimum inclusion conditions were as follows: the ratio of urea to grease was 2:1, the ratio of alcohol to urea was 4:1, the inclusion time was 8h, and the inclusion temperature was 4℃. Under this condition, the purity of DHA increased from 46.51% to 70.62%.
Keywords: DHA; DHA; Urea Complexation; Enrichment; Purification
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 文献综述 4
0.1 引言 4
1.1 DHA藻油概述及其主要分离方法 4
1.2 尿素包合法概述 5
1.3 多不饱和脂肪酸DHA 6
第二章 尿素包合法富集纯化DHA的研究 8
2.1 原料与试剂 8
2.2 实验仪器 8
2.3 实验装置与步骤 9
2.3.1 游离脂肪酸的制备 9
2.3.2尿素包合法的具体步骤 9
2.3.3产物的分析 9
2.3.4实验结果与讨论 12
第三章 提纯条件的选择 14
3.1 数据整理 14
3.2 结果分析与讨论 17
3.3 本章小结 20
第四章 结论 21
第五章 展望 22
参考文献 24
致谢 26
第一章 文献综述
0.1引言
多不饱和脂肪酸的最原始来源是海洋微生物,海洋微藻作为一种新兴的来源,与传统油料作物相比,由于其含油量高因此节省原料,并且它还具有生长周期短、不受场地季节限制、易于大规模培养等优点。研究发现现存的上百种、海洋藻类中都含有DHA[3],若使用藻类提取DHA,每年全世界的海藻可以提供的产量可达到3000*108t的产量。与传统的鱼油相比藻油,是一种纯植物性油,不含胆固醇,味道与鱼油相比,没有那么难闻,并未经过重金属元素污染,更加绿色更加环保,属于可持续利用资源。藻类不仅生产周期短,收获快,还可以通过不同手段提高其提取出的DHA含量,成本与鱼油相比要高很多。本文的目的就是探讨如何使用尿素包合法进一步富集纯化DHA藻油,并探究能使其纯度最好的最佳条件。
1.1 DHA藻油概述及其主要分离方法
DHA藻油是从海洋微藻类筛选出的优质藻种,目前在发达国家,孕妇、哺乳期妇女和儿童食品中的主要来源都是DHA藻油(见下表)[4]。
DHA藻油
中文名称 | DHA藻油 | |
英文名称 | DHA Algal Oil | |
主要成分 | 二十二碳六烯酸(DHA) | |
基本信息 | 来源:裂壶藻(Schizochytrium sp) 请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:19860字
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