论文总字数：23867字

摘 要

拟除虫菊酯由于其优异的性质（效率高，普及广泛，毒性低和能生物降解），无论是在全球亦或者国内在杀虫剂方面都占有了一定的比重。也正因为它的广泛使用，给环境安全和产品质量带来了一定的威胁，这便使得菊酯类农药的监测和研究是非常有必要的。

本研究针对水体和沉积物中13种菊酯类农药采用了固相萃取-气相色谱法来检测其中残留。在添加水平为5.0μg/L~50.0μg/L 范围内时，菊酯类农药在水样中添加回收率为81.4 % ～ 110.4 %，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.73%～6.8%；在添加水平为5.0μg/kg~50.0μg/kg 范围内时，菊酯类农药在沉积物中添加回收率为81.4 % ～ 110.4 %，相对标准偏差（RSD）为71.4%～95.5%。综上所述，本试验采用的方法，简单有效且重现性好，适用于此类研究。

运用上述方法采集并分析了南京固城湖7个点位的水体和沉积物样品。研究结果表明南京固城湖沉积物中菊酯类农药残留含量为792.00~3420.00ng/L；固城湖水体中拟除虫菊酯类农药浓度与国内其他流域相比，处于中等水平。南京固城湖地表水中菊酯类农药残留含量为12.63~32.46 μg/kg；固城湖沉积物中拟除虫菊酯类农药浓度与国内其他流域相比，处于中低水平。

关键词：拟除虫菊酯 农药残留 水源 固相萃取-气相色谱法

Abstract

Pyrethroids, due to their excellent properties (high efficiency, widespread use, low toxicity and biodegradability), occupy a certain proportion of pesticides both globally and domestically. It is also because of its extensive use, which has brought certain impact on product quality and environmental safety. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the analysis of pesticide residues in the environment, which makes the monitoring and research of pyrethroid pesticides very necessary. In this study, 13 pyrethroid pesticides in water and sediments were detected by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography. In the range of 5.0 ug/L~50.0 ug/L, the recovery of pyrethroid pesticides in water samples was 81.4%~110.4%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.73%~6.8%, and in the range of 5.0 ug/kg~50.0 ug/kg, the recovery of pyrethroid pesticides in sediments was 81.4%~110.4%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 71.4%~95.5%. In summary, the method adopted in this experiment is simple, effective and reproducible, which is suitable for this kind of research.

Water and sediment samples from 7 sites of Gucheng Lake in Nanjing were collected and analyzed by the above methods. The results showed that the pyrethroid pesticide residues in the sediments of Gucheng Lake in Nanjing ranged from 792.00 ng/L to 3420.00 ng/L, and the pyrethroid pesticide concentration in the water body of Gucheng Lake was at a moderate level compared with other domestic watersheds. The pyrethroid pesticide residues in surface water of Gucheng Lake in Nanjing ranged from 12.63 to 32.46 ug/kg, and the pyrethroid pesticide residues in sediments of Gucheng Lake were in the middle and low levels compared with other domestic watersheds.

Key words: pyrethroid pesticide residue water source solid phase extraction-gas chromatography

目录

第一章 文献综述 6

1. 引言 6

1.1 菊酯类农药基本信息 6

1.2菊酯类农药在环境中残留现状 7

1.3 菊酯类农药对人体健康的影响 8

1.4 本研究的意义 9

第二章 环境介质中菊酯类农药分析方法研究 10

2.1仪器方法的建立 14

2.2 样品处理方法的建立 17

2.2.1 水样 18

2.2.2 沉积物 22

第三章 南京典型饮用水源地菊酯类农药残留现状分析 28

3.1 采样点选择 28

3.2 样品的测定 29

3.3 结果与讨论 28

3.3.1固城湖水体中菊酯类农药残留现状 29

3.3.2固城湖沉积物中菊酯类农药残留现状 31

第四章 结论与展望 34

4.1 研究总结 34

4.2 研究总结 34

参考文献 35

致谢 37

文献综述

1.引言

翻开人类几千年农业史的扉页，不难发现农药在农业中发挥着不可磨灭的作用。但是凡事都有两面性，农药在解决人类粮食产量问题的同时，也带来了不可忽视的农药残留污染等问题。本文旨在研究南京市典型饮用水源地菊酯类农药残留，以掌握南京市典型饮用水源地菊酯类农药的健康风险。

1.1菊酯类农药基本信息

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