论文总字数：22469字

摘 要

自古人类逐水而居，水生态环境保护是环境治理的重中之重，河流、湖泊等水生态环境应是属于公民、企业、政府及全社会的公共产品。近年来，我国城市规模的不断扩大，造成河道污染日益加重，此外，政府单边控制、宣传渠道局限、信息公开不足、治水主体过于单一也成为了河道水生态环境“河长制”管理上亟需解决的问题。

本文运用文献研究法、案例研究法、归纳分析法以及访谈研究法，以上海市宝山区顾村镇为出发点，分别从河道水生态环境“河长制”的组织形式、基本制度和实践总结三方面展开，阐述上海市“河长制”发展的初步成果和问题，总结现阶段上海市在“河长制”运行过程中产生的优势与劣势，从政府的自身定位、宣传引入、信息公开以及参与机制四方面进行论述。以发挥该制度的高效性与可问责性，规避政府单边控制、信息公开不足、公众参与河道治理的渠道过于单一等问题。最后，对上海市已有“河长制”创新模式进行总结，并提出完善措施，主要以减少“河长制”管理中的“人治”成分，继而在“德治”的基础上构建出主体多元化的“共治”模式为研究方向。

关键词：水生态环境保护 河长制 多元主体

Study on the New Management Mode of "Hezhang System" in River Water Ecology Environment in Shanghai

Abstract

Since ancient times, human beings have been living by water. Water ecological environment protection is the top priority of environmental governance. The water ecological environment such as rivers and lakes should be public products belonging to citizens, enterprises, governments and the whole society. The management of water ecological environment should be public affairs. In recent years, the scale of China's cities has been continuously expanding, causing the pollution of water ecological environment to become more and more serious, and has created a series of problems that need to be solved urgently.

This paper uses the literature research method, the case study method, the inductive analysis method and the interview research method to take the Gucun Town of Baoshan District, Shanghai as the starting point, and summarizes the organizational form, basic system and practice of the river water ecological environment. Expanding and expounding the preliminary achievements and problems of the development of the “Hezhang System” in Shanghai, summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of Shanghai in the operation of the “Hezhang System” at this stage, from the government's own positioning, publicity, information disclosure and participation. The four aspects of the mechanism are discussed. In order to play the efficiency and accountability of the system, the government circumvents the problems of unilateral control, insufficient information disclosure, and public participation in river governance. Finally, it summarizes the existing “Hezhang system” innovation model in Shanghai, and proposes improvement measures, mainly to reduce the “rule of man” component in the “Hezhang system” management, and then build the main body on the basis of “rule of virtue”. The “multi-subjects participating” model is the research direction.

Keywords: Water ecological protection; River system; Multi-subjects participating

目录

中文摘要 I

英文摘要 II

一、绪论 1

（一）研究背景 1

（二）研究意义 1

（三）国内外研究综述 2

1.国外研究概况 2

2.国内研究概况 3

3.国内外研究评价 4

（四）研究方法 4

1.文献研究法 4

2.归纳分析法 4

3.案例研究法 4

4.访谈研究法 5

（五）结构框架 5

二、 相关概念及发展历程 6

（一）相关概念 6

1.“河长制”的概念 6

2.多元共治 6

（二）“河长制”的发展历程 7

三、“河长制”的实践分析——以上海市宝山区顾村镇为例 7

（一）组织形式 7

（二）基本制度 8

1.强化组织，明确工作任务 8

2.强化整治，做好工作落实 8

3.强化督查，实现工作常态 9

4.强化宣传，营造工作氛围 9

（三）实践总结 10

1.实践成效 10

2.实践困境 11

四、完善上海市“河长制”的对策建议 12

（一）淡化长官意志，树立绿色政绩观 12

1.淡化长官意志 12

2.树立“绿色”政绩观 12

（二）加强宣传引导，形成良好治水氛围 13

1.利用媒体大力宣传 13

2.引入丰富的社会活动 13

（三）完善信息公开机制，提供社会监督平台 14

1.竖立“一河一牌” 14

2.建立“一河一档” 14

（四）引入社会群体，实现多元共治 15

1.企业在“河长制”改革与创新中的作用 16

2.公众在“河长制”改革与创新中的作用 17

3.社会组织在“河长制”改革与创新中的作用 19

五、结语 20

参考文献 21

致谢 24

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