论文总字数：16682字

摘 要

认罪认罚从宽制度经历了漫长的理论和实践研究，终于在2018年被正式写入《刑事诉讼法》。与此同时，刑事速裁程序的设置使认罪认罚从宽制度更加符合“繁其繁，简其简”和宽严相济的政策要求。但是在司法实践过程中难免会由于立法尚未完全而遇到一系列问题。其中，关于认罪认罚案件应当采取何种证明标准的问题日益突出。文章从制度的概述入手，宏观介绍了制度的含义和适用；再结合认罪认罚从宽制度的相关法律规定，重点审查立法对证明标准的设定，得出我国立法对于认罪认罚案件证明标准并无特殊规定的结论。然后再对美国和德国类似的法律制度进行考察，意图得出于我国理论和实践有意义的借鉴；紧接着对我国学界关于认罪认罚案件证明标准的理论分歧进行归纳，并提出在认罪认罚案件中根据不同程序适用不同证明标准的构想。在实行差异化证明标准^[1]的同时必须伴随着立法的完善和认罪自愿性审查机制与律师帮助制度的完善。

关键词：认罪认罚从宽 证明标准 差异化

Study on the Proof Standard of Pleading Punishment Cases

Abstract

The lenient system of confession and punishment has undergone a long theoretical and practical study, and was finally officially written into the Criminal Procedure Law in 2018. At the same time, the expedited procedure has officially be applied to minor criminal cases of pleading guilty, so that the confession and punishment of the lenient system is more in line with the policy requirements of simplification and diversion, and lenient and strict. However, due to the incomplete legislation, it is inevitable that a series of problems will come up in the process of judicial practice. Among them, the question of what kind of proof standards should be adopted for pleading guilty cases is increasingly prominent. The article briefly introduces the lenient system of confession and punishment through an overview of the system; and then makes a general survey of the current provisions, focusing on reviewing the legislative requirements for certification standard，analyzes that there is no special provision for the proof standard of confession and punishment cases in China. Then the article will examine the similar legal systems of the United States and Germany, with the intention of drawing lessons from the theoretical and practical aspects of our country. Then it will summarize the theoretical differences between the academic circles of China on the proof standard of confession and punishment cases, and propose that in the case of confession and punishment，the concept of a differentiated certification standard is implemented according to different procedures. In the implementation of the standard of differentiation certification, it must be accompanied by the improvement of legislation and the voluntary review mechanism of guilty plea and the improvement of the lawyer's help system.

Key Words:Plea and punishes leniency；Proof standard；Differentiation

目录

一、 制度概述 1

（一） 认罪认罚从宽制度发展沿革 1

（二）认罪认罚从宽制度的内涵 2

（三）认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件和适用范围 3

（四）认罪认罚案件与不认罪案件在诉讼程序上的区别 4

二、认罪认罚案件证明标准的立法规定 6

（一）认罪认罚从宽制度的立法规定 6

（二）认罪认罚案件的法定证明标准 6

三、域外认罪认罚案件的证明标准 7

（一）诉辩交易制度、刑事协商制度与认罪认罚从宽制度的关系 7

（二）美国诉辩交易案件的证明标准 7

（三）德国刑事协商案件的证明标准 8

四、认罪认罚案件证明标准的理论分歧 10

（一）证明标准不应当降低 10

（二）证明标准应当降低 11

五、我国认罪认罚案件证明标准的合理设定 12

（一）实行证明标准差异化的构想 12

（二）认罪认罚案件证明标准差异化的含义 12

（二）认罪认罚案件证明标准差异化的建构 13

结语 16

参考文献 17

致谢 19

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