Oil shortage, environmentalpollution and climate warming are common challenges facing the globalautomobile industry. New energy vehicles have gradually become the focus of thedevelopment of the automobile industry in the 21st century.^[1] in2018, China's annual automobile production and sales reached 2.7809 million and28.081 million respectively, ranking first in the world for ten consecutiveyears.The production of new energy vehicles is also increasing rapidly, with1.27 million and 1.256 million completed, respectively, up 59.9 percent and61.7 percent from the same period last year.Among them, the production andsales of 1,527 fuel cell vehicles were completed, including 1,418 fuel cellbuses and 109 fuel cell trucks.^[2] it can be seen that despite therapid development of China's automobile industry, the popularity of new energyvehicles has not been very good, especially fuel cell vehicles, with only a fewmore than 1,000 vehicles in the whole year.Compared with traditional vehicles,new energy vehicles, especially fuel cell vehicles, are still in their infancyin China and need further improvement and promotion.

Some people think that at present,pure electric vehicle technology is developing rapidly and has a range of 100kilometers. Is it necessary to further develop fuel cell vehicles?At the sixthchina-south Korea automobile industry development seminar, the deputy directorof the state information center explained from the perspective of energydemand.The large-scale development of electric vehicles has a huge demand forlithium, cobalt and other raw materials, and the lack of relevant resources inChina will become a huge risk for subsequent development.^[3] At thesame time, the large and long-term storage of hydrogen energy is also one ofthe important reasons for the implementation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

Vigorously developing new energyvehicles is not only an effective response to energy and environmentalchallenges, but also an inevitable choice for China to achieve sustainabledevelopment of the automotive industry. It is also an important measure toseize strategic opportunities, shorten the gap with advanced countries, andrealize the leap-forward development of the automobile industry.^[4]

And in China at present, thepopulation is growing, too many private cars lead to complex road conditionsand congestion, especially in big cities, traffic jam has become an inevitablesituation every day. In addition, private car exhaust emission seriouslypollutes the environment, and the road overcrowding makes it inconvenient forcitizens to travel, bus has become a favorite and encouraged by the state.

Research purposes

At present, people have a higherpursuit of modern passenger cars.They also have higher expectations for ridecomfort, vision, ease of operation and active and passive safety.^[5] The use of bus models is characterized by short station distance and frequentboarding and disembarkation of passengers. Therefore, the floor height shouldbe reduced as far as possible in the design to ensure the necessary indoorheight and sufficient width of the passageway. At least two passenger doorsmust be set for the bicycle.^[6] At the same time, in order to enablebus drivers in a long period of high-intensity driving conditions to maintaingood mental state, and have good vision, reduce the blind area, make drivingsafer,we need to combine human body model to determine the position of driver'sseat and steering parts and so on,to make the drivers’ seat have a reasonable designedsize and comfortable location;The driving operation is more convenient, and thevision of observing the road condition is broader, so as to better realize safedriving and riding.^[7] At the same time, in order to reserve morespace for passengers, fuel cells and hydrogen storage tanks need to berationally arranged.However, as many components are arranged outside the body,whether the designed fuel cell bus can achieve energy conservation andenvironmental protection needs further aerodynamic analysis, observation of thesurrounding flow field, and determination of aerodynamic resistance caused bythe external body shape.Automobile aerodynamics is of great significance to thestudy of economy, power, comfort and safety of vehicle.^[8]

Research status at homeand abroad

There have been some achievementsat home and abroad on the research of fuel cell buses.