论文总字数：29601字

摘 要

随着我国国民社会经济的快速发展，涌入城市人口数量的不断增多，既有的城市交通已经无法满足人们的出行需求，城市交通供求关系的不平衡在相当长的时期内难有改变。城市道路不堪重负，交通环境恶化，交通拥堵等交通问题层出不穷。如何使用有效方法来解决城市交通问题成为我国亟待解决的问题之一。

本论文基于国内外对公众参与交通管理的研究动态及成果，结合我国公民公众参与意识弱、途径少等特点，深入剖析了众包内涵与特征；随后，引入基于众包的典型案例进行实例研究，分析了利用众包技术解决城市交通问题的可行性，构建交通管理中众包模式的逻辑构架，探讨了众包项目能够成功的关键点；并且以南京市区域步行导向设施改善为例，设计基于众包的交通管理方案；最后，本文在前述研究的基础上，得出基于众包模式解决城市交通问题的方案。基于众包技术的城市交通管理研究对于改善城市交通问题，提供事实有效的分析数据，提高交通服务水平有着重要意义。

关键词：众包；城市交通管理；智能手机数据

Crowdsourcing technology and its application in urban traffic management

Abstract

With the rapid development of China's national social economy, the influx of urban population is growing, the old urban transport has been unable to meet people's travel demand, the imbalance between supply and demand in urban traffic for a long period of difficult change. Urban road overwhelmed, transportation environmental degradation, traffic congestion and other traffic problems abound. How to use effective methods to solve urban traffic problems become one of our country to be solved.

I think that, based on the current development of the Internet and smart phones and other mobile devices, crowdsourcing is the next big data environments a viable innovative model of public participation in transportation management.

In this paper, based on research trends at home and abroad for public participation and results of traffic management, combined with our citizens awareness of public participation is weak, way less features, in-depth analysis of the connotation and characteristics of crowdsourcing; subsequently introduced a case study typical case of crowdsourcing to analyze the feasibility of using packet technology to solve urban traffic problems of the public, to build the logical framework of traffic management crowdsourcing model to explore crowdsourcing project can succeed crucial point; and pedestrian-oriented facilities in Nanjing area to improve, for example, design traffic management scheme based crowdsourcing; and finally, on the basis of the above study, it is concluded to solve urban traffic problems based on crowdsourcing model program. Management of Urban Transport based crowdsourcing technology for improving urban transport problems, provide factual and effective analysis of data, improve transport services is of great significance.

Key Words: Crowdsourcing; Urban Traffic Management; Smartphone Data

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1研究背景 1

1.1.2研究意义 2

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1公众参与的国内外形式 3

1.2.2国内现状 3

1.2.3国外现状 5

1.3技术路线 6

第二章 众包技术概况 7

2.1基本概念 7

2.1.1众包定义 7

2.1.2众包系统 7

2.1.3众包模式的运行过程研究 9

2.2众包模式存在的问题 13

2.2.1如何吸引公众参与 13

2.2.2数字鸿沟问题 14

2.2.3网站界面的构建和网络社区的维护 15

2.2.4如何分配众包参与群体的权重 15

2.3众包推广策略 16

2.3.1平台推广方案 16

2.3.2案例分析 17

2.4众包技术应用要点 20

2.4.1众包采用自下而上的参与方式 20

2.4.2众包技术应用需要专业人才 20

2.4.3众包与文化特异性有关 21

2.4.4众包与项目特异性有关 21

第三章 众包技术应用成功案例研究 22

3.1成功案例 22

3.1.1道路危险调查 22

3.1.2马尼拉洪水预警 24

3.1.3道路交通调查 25

3.1.4公共服务设施管理 27

3.1.5上海市城市规划方案改善 28

3.2成功案例分析 29

第四章 众包模式在城市交通管理项目中的应用 31

4.1城市交通环境 31

4.2基于众包模式的南京市道路环境改善方案设计 31

4.2.1基于众包的智能手机APP开发 32

4.2.2手机APP的推广 35

第五章 结论 36

参考文献 37

致谢 39

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