甘油乙缩醛氧化催化剂的研究毕业论文
2022-03-04 21:20:25
论文总字数:16828字
摘 要
随着生物柴油的兴起,其副产物甘油的产量也日渐过剩。通过催化氧化甘油制备高附加值的精细化学品1,3-二羟基丙酮(DHA)是提高生物柴油产业经济性的重要途径之一。由于甘油有三个羟基,直接氧化制备DHA的选择性较低。因此可以选择先通过缩醛反应保护甘油的1,3位羟基,再氧化缩醛产物得到2-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-酮,最后水解得到目标产物DHA。本研究以钯为活性组分,制备了不同负载量的Pd/CeO2和Pd/Ce-ZrO2催化剂,并采用BET和XRD对催化剂进行了表征。以2-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-醇氧化制备2-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-酮为探针反应,考察了制备方法、负载量、反应时间、温度、载体等对反应的影响。实验结果表明,采用浸渍沉淀法制备的以铈锆固溶体为载体,3%为负载量的Pd/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2催化剂,在200℃,取样时间点为达到反应温度后2h取得最佳结果:甘油乙缩醛(2-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-醇)转化率为44.8%,选择性16.7%,收率7.48%。
关键词:甘油乙缩醛 催化氧化 二羟基丙酮前体 Pd/CeO2 Pd/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2
Study on Preparation of 1,3 - Dihydroxyacetone by Catalytic Oxidation of Glycerol Acetal
Abstract
With the rapid growth of the biodiesel industry, huge amounts of glycerol have been produced as a byproduct. Preparation of high value-added 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) by catalytic oxidation of glycerol is one of the important ways to improve the economic performance of biodiesel industry. Since glycerol has three hydroxyl groups, direct oxidation of glycerol generates many byproducts other than DHA. To improve the selectivity of DHA, an indirect synthesis process is proposed. In this route, the 1, 3-hydroxyl groups of glycerol are blocked via acetalization to form 2-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol, then the secondary hydroxyl group of glycerol is oxidized to give 2-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one (precursor of DHA), after that, the precursor of DHA is hydrolyzed to produce DHA.
In this study, Pd/CeO2 and Pd/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2 catalysts with different Pd loading amount were prepared to catalyze the oxidation of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol. Such catalysts were characterized by BET and XRD. The effects of preparation method, Pd loading amount, supporting material, reaction temperature were investigated. Experimental results indicate that at 200℃, the sampling time is 2 h after reaching the reaction temperature, 3% Pd/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2 is the best catalyst for this reaction, in which the conversion of glycerol was 44.8%,the selectivity to DHA precursor was 16.7%, and the total yield of was 7.48%.
Key words: Glycerin acetal; Catalytic oxidation; precursor of DHA; Pd/CeO2; Pd/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 1,3二羟基丙酮的应用及发展 1
1.1.1 1,3二羟基丙酮的应用前景 1
1.1.2 1,3二羟基丙酮的性质 1
1.1.3 1,3二羟基丙酮的合成 1
1.2甘油间接氧化 3
1.3催化体系 4
1.4氧化体系 5
1.5立题依据 5
第二章 实验部分 7
2.1试剂及仪器 7
2.2催化剂的制备 7
2.2.1浸渍法 7
2.2.2共沉淀法 8
2.3催化剂的评价 8
2.3.1 实验装置 8
2.3.3催化剂装填 9
2.3.4反应参数设定 9
2.4分析方法 9
2.5催化剂的表征 10
2.5.1比表面积测定(BET) 10
2.5.2 X射线粉末衍射法(XRD) 11
2.6计算方法 11
第三章 结果与讨论 12
3.1负载量对催化剂性能的影响 12
3.2制备方法对催化剂性能的影响 13
3.3反应温度对催化氧化反应的影响 14
3.4载体对催化剂性能的影响 15
第四章 总结与展望 17
参考文献 18
致谢 21
第一章 文献综述
1.1 1,3二羟基丙酮的应用及发展
1.1.1 1,3二羟基丙酮的应用前景
生物柴油是一种清洁能源,在当前世界范围内得到了广泛的发展。目前生物柴油的工业生产方法主要是酯交换,在这个过程中会生成大量副产物甘油。随着生物柴油产量的飞速上涨,甘油逐渐出现过剩的趋势,如果能够得到合理利用,就会极大促进生物柴油产业的健康发展。
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