论文总字数：26650字

摘 要

随着经济的高速发展，交通工程的建设也随之进入发展的高峰期，其中高速公路的发展迅速。但随之而来的道路养护施工安全问题也已经成为亟待解决的重大难点。车辆增长的需求不断扩大，道路的服务能力却不能下降，故必须对已经老化甚至损坏的高速公路进行养护施工作业。大部分养护作业都是不封闭式的施工工程，在高速通车的环境下进行作业，施工区安全及道路交通安全难以保障。

国内外学者就此问题进行了前赴后继的研究与探讨，本文将从道路特性与各类交通安全设施设置着手研究，并对新型科技报警设备进行了设想与实验研究分析，以期在未来的道路养护施工中更好的保障行车安全与施工人员和器械安全。

首先本轮为从养护路段的道路特性进行分析，分析以“人-车-环境-道路”为基础的各个因素因为养护作业占用车道到带来的特性变化，就特性分析，初步提出相关安全问题的解决办法。

其次，根据国内相关政策文件与各类道路施工安全指标标准，详细分析介绍了标志标线的设置方法，明确标志标线设计理论，秉持标志标线的设置应该根据路段与详细施工状况而因环境设置，建立模型分为警告区、过渡区、缓冲区、作业区和终止区五个路段，建立公式，根据平均车速计算出各类标志标线的具体摆放位置。

最后具体研究警告区路段的交通组织与设计原则，对于安全设施方面，从传统的橡胶路锥着手，结合目前已有的报警路锥分析，路锥使用在道路施工环境下的优缺点。提出红外光墙或电子栅栏的设计研究方法，并根据模拟图详细说明红外光墙的作用使用原理，对于施工环境安全性的保障。首次提出利用定向声波测速原理设计报警器，说明报警器的作用原理，并模拟出定向声波测速报警仪器的作用方法。

关键词：高速公路；占道施工；交通特性；安全设施设置

Abstract

With the rapid development of economy, the construction of traffic engineering has also entered the peak period of development, among which the highway has developed rapidly. However, the following safety problems of road maintenance and construction have become a major difficulty to be solved urgently. The growing demand of vehicles is expanding, but the service capacity of roads can not be reduced, so it is necessary to maintain and construct the aged and even damaged highways. Most of the maintenance operations are not closed construction projects, in the high-speed open to traffic environment, the safety of the construction area and road traffic safety is difficult to ensure.

Scholars at home and abroad have carried out successive research and discussion on this issue. In this paper, the road characteristics and various traffic safety facilities will be studied, and the new scientific and technological alarm equipment has been conceived and analyzed. In order to better ensure the safety of driving and construction personnel and equipment in the future road maintenance and construction.

First of all, this round analyzes the road characteristics of the maintenance road section, and analyzes the characteristics of each factor based on the "man-car-environment-road" because of the change of characteristics from the lane occupied by the maintenance operation to the characteristics brought about by the maintenance operation. A preliminary solution to the relevant security problems is put forward.

Secondly, according to the relevant domestic policy documents and all kinds of road construction safety index standards, this paper analyzes and introduces in detail the setting method of marking lines, and clarifies the design theory of marking lines. According to the setting of road section and detailed construction condition, the model should be divided into five sections: warning area, transition area, buffer zone, operation area and termination area, and the formula should be established according to the setting of road section and detailed construction condition. According to the average speed, the specific position of all kinds of marking lines is calculated.

Finally, the traffic organization and design principles of the warning area are studied concretely. For the safety facilities, starting from the traditional rubber road cone, combined with the existing alarm road cone analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the road cone used in the road construction environment. The design and research method of infrared light wall or electronic fence is put forward, and the working principle of infrared light wall is explained in detail according to the simulation diagram, which guarantees the safety of construction environment. For the first time, the design of alarm based on the principle of directional acoustic velocity measurement is put forward, the action principle of alarm is explained, and the action method of directional acoustic velocity alarm instrument is simulated.

Key Words：Expressway;Occupied road construction;Traffic Characteristics ;Security facility setting

目录

摘要 І

Abstract ІІ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究目的及意义 2

1.3 国内外研究现状 2

1.3.1 国外研究现状 2

1.3.2 国内研究现状 4

1.4 研究方法 7

1.5 研究内容及技术路线 7

1.5.1 论文组织结构 7

1.5.2 技术路线 9

第二章 不封闭高速公路养护施工系统理论分析 10

2.1 相关概念界定 10

2.1.1 高速公路 10

2.1.2 公路养护作业 11

2.1.3 不封闭环境下占道施工 11

2.2 养护施工作业区特性分析 11

2.2.1交通组成 12

2.2.2 车辆运行 12

2.2.3 驾驶员信息 13

2.2.4 高速公路道路 13

2.2.5 交通流 14

2.3 施工区交通事故风险分析 16

2.3.1 施工区事故 16

2.3.2 施工区事故风险来源分析 17

2.4 本章小结 18

第三章 高速公路养护施工特点 19

3.1 高速公路养护施工安全措施基本要求 19

3.1.1 标志标线类别 19

3.1.2 标志标线设置方法 20

3.2 养护作业区各路段安全设施设置方法 24

3.2.1 警告区安全设施设置 24

3.2.2 过渡段安全设施设置 25

3.2.3 缓冲段安全设施设置 25

3.2.4 工作区安全设施设置 26

3.2.5 终止区安全设施设置 26

3.3 本章小结 26

第四章 养护施工区设计与管理 27

4.1 施工区安全图纸 27

4.1.1 施工安全区警戒区说明 27

4.1.2 施工安全交通组织规划 28

4.2 施工区内部风险防护 29

4.3 施工区外部风险防护 29

4.3.1 报警路锥研究与应用 30

4.3.2 电子栅栏与红外光墙警戒设备研究 31

4.3.3 定向声波测速报警设备设计与研究 33

图14 定向声波测速报警仪器作用模型图 34

4.4 本章小结 34

第五章 结论与展望 35

5.1 主要研究成果 35

5.2 进一步研究与未来展望 35

参考文献 36

致谢 38

图目录

图1 全国公路总里程及公路密度 1

图2 养护作业区各路段图 11

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