内衬参数对水润滑尾轴承性能影响分析毕业论文
2021-04-24 20:17:47
摘 要
船舶推进轴系是船舶动力系统的重要组成部分,尾轴承是推进轴系的关键部件,用于支撑螺旋桨轴。与油润滑轴承相比,水润滑轴承具有资源节约、环境友好和减少噪音等特点,符合节能、环保和绿色航运的发展需求,目前已成为舰船尾轴承的主要形式。水润滑尾轴承由内衬和衬套组成,其中内衬为高分子材料,衬套为青铜。载荷作用下,内衬存在复杂的变形情况,该变形会影响轴承水膜分布和润滑性能。因此,有必要研究内衬材料参数和内衬结构参数对水润滑尾轴承润滑性能的影响规律,为尾轴承内衬优化设计和选用内衬材料提供建议。
本文简单介绍了轴承材料的运用与其发展情况,以及相关领域的大学的研究现状。本文使用ANASYS建模仿真出相应的轴承材料,对其施加相应的自变量,从而得出变形后的模型,然后联合MATLAB进行计算、分析出内衬厚度、内衬弹性模量、泊松比和长径比四种自变量在偏心率不断增大情况下,对水润滑参数的影响,并且在MATLAB中可以获得轴承上压力分布图、膜厚分布图,然后运用origin画出水润滑参数摩擦系数、水膜合力、最大水膜压力、最小膜厚受到自变量变化的影响。本文运用MATLAB计算研究了轴承上矩形槽的宽度和数量对水润滑性能的影响。研究结果表明:内衬厚度、弹性模量和长径比对轴承性能影响较大,随着偏心率的不断增大各种水润滑系数变化较大;泊松比对轴承润滑性能影响较小,所以在选用轴承时应着重考虑以上三种材料因素;随着水槽的数量和宽度不断增大,轴承的承载能力在不断减小。
关键词:水润滑轴承;内衬参数;水槽;流固耦合
Abstract
Ship propulsion shafting is an important part of ship power system. Stern bearing is a key part of propulsion shafting, which is used to support propeller shaft. Compared with oil lubricated bearings,water lubricated bearings have the characteristics of resource saving,environment friendly and noise reduction. It meets the development requirements of energy saving,environmental protection and green shipping. It has become the main form of ship tail bearing. The water lubricated stern bearing is composed of lining and bushing,of which the inner liner is polymer material and the bushing is bronze. Therefore,the lining has complex deformation behavior,which will affect the water film distribution and lubrication performance of the bearing. Therefore,it is necessary to study the influence of different lining parameters on the lubrication performance of water lubricated stern bearing,and provide suggestions for the optimal design of liner.
This article briefly introduces the application and development of bearing materials,as well as the research status of universities in related fields. In this paper, the corresponding bearing model is simulated by ANASYS,and the corresponding independent variable is applied to the model,and then the model is obtained after the deformation. Then combined with MATLAB,the four independent variables of the inner lining thickness,the elastic modulus of the inner lining,the Poisson's ratio and the length to diameter ratio are analyzed,and the water lubrication parameters are given to the water lubrication under the condition that the eccentricity is not broken. In the MATLAB,the pressure distribution map and the thickness distribution map of the bearing can be obtained. Then the friction coefficient of the water lubrication parameters,the water film joint force,the maximum water film pressure and the minimum film thickness are influenced by the change of the independent variable in the origin. In this paper,ANASYS is used to simulate the bearing grooving model. The influence of the width and quantity of the rectangular groove on the water lubricity of the bearing is studied by MATLAB calculation. The results show that the thickness of the inner lining,the modulus of elasticity and the length diameter ratio have great influence on the bearing performance. With the increasing eccentricity,the water lubrication coefficient varies greatly; the effect of the Poisson ratio on the lubricity of bearing is small,so the above three kinds of material factors should be taken into account in the selection of bearings; with the number and width of the tank,the number and width of the tank should be considered. As the load increases,the bearing capacity of the bearing decreases.
Key Words:Water lubricated bearings; Lining parameters; Water groove; Fluid solid coupling
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究的背景及意义 1
1.2不同内衬参数对轴承性能影响的研究现状 1
1.2.1 内衬材料运用及其研究现状 1
1.2.2 开槽内衬的研究现状 2
1.3本课题主要研究目标、研究内容及技术路线 3
1.3.1研究目标 3
1.3.2研究内容 3
1.3.3 研究方法 4
1.3.3 技术路线 4
1.4本章小结 4
第2章 水润滑轴承流固耦合理论基础 5
2.1基本控制方程 5
2.1.1 Reynolds方程 5
2.1.2 膜厚方程 6
2.1.4 粘度与密度方程 6
2.2 轴承静特性计算方程 7
2.3 理论公式的无量纲化 8
2.4方程离散化及流固耦合计算过程 9
2.5 计算方法的初步验证 11
2.6 本章小结 12
第3章 内衬参数对水润滑尾轴承性能的影响 14
3.1 计算参数设置与说明 14
3.2 计算结果分析 15
3.2.1内衬厚度对水润滑轴承性能的影响 18
3.2.2内衬泊松比对水润滑轴承性能的影响 21
3.2.3内衬弹性模量对水润滑轴承性能的影响 24
3.2.4 内衬长径比对水润滑轴承性能的影响 27
第4章 内衬开槽对水润滑轴承性能的影响 30
4.1 计算参数设置与说明 30
4.2 开槽数量对对水润滑轴承性能的影响分析 31
4.3 水槽宽度对水润滑轴承性能的影响分析 34
4.4 小结 36
第5章 结论与展望 38
5.1 结论 38
5.2 展望 38
参考文献 40
致谢 42
第1章 绪论
1.1 研究的背景及意义
水润滑尾轴承由衬套和内衬组成,其中衬套为青铜,内衬为高分子材料。内衬在负荷作用下会产生复杂的变形,这些因素都会影响到轴承水膜的分布和润滑性能。所以,这时就要仔细的研究内衬的各项参数对水润滑尾轴承是怎样的影响方式,以及发现他们的影响规律并加以运用和控制。
滑动轴承是机械传动中的重要零部件,被广泛应用在各行各业中,为了提高传动效率,减少滑动轴承的摩擦磨损成为了轴承设计者的基本目标。据相关资料显示,全球工业界里约有 30%的能量损失来自于摩擦, 80%的零件失效由磨损造成的[2]。长期以来,人们发现以金属材料作为摩擦副,矿物油为润滑剂的这种组合形式不仅会使得设备结构过于复杂,还易于造成润滑油泄漏、环境污染和贵重金属损耗等问题。随着社会环境保护和资源节约意识的增强,以水作为润滑剂,水润滑轴承与其他润滑轴承相比具有节约资源、减少噪音等好的优点,水润滑也是近年来人们一直所追寻好的润滑方式。