城市微型纯电动皮卡车车身设计毕业论文
2021-04-14 22:27:46
摘 要
从第二次工业革命开始汽车就开始产生,由第一辆汽车的产生直到现在,汽车工业的发展是非常迅速的,这其中就有这很多的技术支持。因为发展的迅速,让汽车的种类变得多起来。随着当代汽车使用量的不断增多,能源的使用量也随之大量增加,尤其是19世纪60年代之后,能源的急剧减少使得出现了电动汽车,且现在随着城市现代化的加快,生活节奏的加快,大部分年轻人都承受不起车的昂价,所以有不少年轻人会选择使用皮卡车作为代步工具以及工作需要。现在刚兴起的城市微型纯电动皮卡车可能会得到不少年轻人的青睐。本课题对城市微型纯电动皮卡车车身进行设计,满足消费者的要求进而得到市场的肯定。城市微型纯电动皮卡车是结合货车与轿车的特点,在使用电机的情况下进行行驶的。在21世纪是以环保为重点,使用电力能减少排气污染,同时还能减少能源的使用量以及噪声小等优点。目前我国正在对纯电动汽车大力推广与支持,可以说在政策这方面是很优厚的,近几年来,无论国内外对纯电动皮卡车都有所研究,尤其是美、英等发达国家,但到目前为止技术还不算成熟。为满足某些年轻人的需要,让他们用车能够达到一车多用、减少成本,本课题尝试对城市微型纯电动皮卡车车身部分进行研究设计。对车身进行研究设计,进行空气动力学分析,同时选取材料,在满足行驶的情况下将汽车成本最低化、功能最大化、力求得到最高的经济性!
关键词:
轻量化;车身建模;曲面;空气动力学
abstract
Since the second industrial revolution began, the automobile began to produce. From the production of the first car until now, the development of the automobile industry has been very rapid. There is a lot of technical support. Because of the rapid development, the types of cars are increased. With the increasing use of modern automobiles, the amount of energy used has also increased substantially. Especially after the 1960s, the drastic reduction in energy has led to the emergence of electric vehicles, and now with the acceleration of urban modernization, the rhythm of life Accelerated, most young people can not afford the price of cars, so many young people will choose to use pickup trucks as a means of transport and work needs. The newly-emerged urban miniature electric pickup trucks may be favored by many young people. This topic is to design the city miniature pure electric pickup truck body to meet the requirements of consumers and gain market recognition. The city miniature pure electric pickup truck combines the characteristics of a truck and a car and travels with the use of a motor. In the 21st century, the emphasis is on environmental protection. The use of electric power can reduce exhaust pollution, while also reducing energy usage and noise. At present, China is vigorously promoting and supporting pure electric vehicles. It can be said that this aspect of the policy is very generous. In recent years, both domestic and foreign countries have studied the pure electric pickup trucks, especially the developed countries such as the United States and Britain. So far the technology is not yet mature. In order to meet the needs of some young people, let them use the car to achieve one-vehicle multi-purpose and reduce the cost. This topic attempts to study and design the body part of urban miniature pure electric pickup trucks. The research and design of the vehicle body, aerodynamic analysis, and selection of materials will minimize the cost of the car, maximize its functions, and strive to obtain the highest economic efficiency while meeting the driving conditions.
Keywords:
lightweight; body modeling; surface; aerodynamics
目录
摘要 I
关键词: I
abstract II
Keywords: II
第一章:绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2 研究背景 2
1.3 研究目的 2
1.4 研究方法 3
第二章:汽车参数的选取与外形确定 4
2.1汽车车身功能及设计要求 4
2.1.1 汽车车身功能 4
2.1.2汽车车身设计要求 4
2.2汽车车身的参数选取 5
2.3 汽车车身外形的确定 7
第三章:汽车材料的选取 8
3.1 汽车上材料应用 8
3.2高强度钢的应用 8
3.3铝合金的应用 9
3.4 镁合金的应用 9
3.5 其他材料的应用 10
3.6 本章小结 10
第四章:汽车车身建模 11
4.1 Rhino 6简介 11
4.2 纯电动皮卡车身的建模 12
4.3轮胎建模 20
4.4 本章小结 24
第五章:空气动力学分析 25
5.1 分析软件的选择 25
5.2 对汽车外流场分析的准备 25
5.3 Xflow的应用 27
5.4 本章小结 30
第六章:总结与展望 31
6.1 本文总结 31
6.2 未来展望 32
致谢 33
参考文献 34
第一章:绪论
1.1引言
我国汽车工业的发展起步比较晚,国外在二次工业革命就已经开始发展,而我国汽车工业真正意义上的发展是在1953年(一汽制造厂的成立),这其中有着七十余年的差距,因此我国的汽车工业相对于发达国家有一定的差距,但由于我国人口众多,我国在21世纪汽车的使用量也是日渐增多,目前是汽车保有量最多的国家。预计到2020年,国内汽车千人保有量将达到 200 辆。随着社会的发展,汽车的外观与功能都出现了区分,汽车也出现了分类,按照原国标(GB9417-89)主要分成以下几类:载货汽车、越野汽车、牵引车、专用车、客车等。具体的分类如图1.1:
图1.1:中国汽车分类 GB9417-89