摘 要

老龄化问题在我国日趋严重，一度成为社会的热点话题之一。社会的日新月异，城市的飞快发展，农村和城市的差距日渐显著。城市的老年人口越来越多，城市的养老设施无法满足老年人口的需求；而在农村，老龄化情况更为严重，越来越多的年轻人更愿意选择去往机会更多的大城市发展，而留在农村本地的多为年老体弱的农村居民。这些年长者或许是因为生活习惯，或许是因为自身的身体状况，很多都不愿意离开自己生活多年的熟悉环境，宁愿在条件恶劣的农村安享晚年。面对这样的情况，除了要完善城市养老设施以外，对于农村养老也要引起足够的重视。

此次的设计以农村养老为出发点，选址在湖南省邵东县西洋江村建立一个疗养中心，旨在解决该地区养老、看病的问题，为老人们提供较为舒适的养老环境以及更为便利的看病诊疗机构，在满足这两点基本需求的情况下更能为农村老人们提供养老所需的活动空间，增强老人之间的活动与交流，为农村老人的养老生活增添幸福感。

在设计的过程中，首先对湖南省邵东县西洋江村的基址进行分析，明确该地点的地理位置、地形地貌特征、气候情况、交通条件是否便利等一系列基本问题。在对该地区有一定了解后深入剖析该地区老人的生活状况，了解整个村落的布局形式，分析道路的走向，以及当地的建筑风格是什么样的，基础设施的建设是否完善等。掌握村民真实的生活状态，根据当地情况选取约2000平方米（不得相差±5%）的面积进行疗养中心的设计。

面向农村老人的疗养中心设计，着重关注农村村落特点以及老人生活环境，为农村老人提供优质养老、医疗服务的同时，使其所设计的建筑融入农村，在体现农村环境的同时，也与时代相接轨，为村落注入新的血液。希望通过此次的设计疗养中心能够为农村老人增添福祉，为农村养老提供新思路。

关键词：疗养中心；老龄化；建筑设计；农村养老

Abstract

This paper first simulates the combustion space of a 650t/day air-fuel combustion float glass furnace.Then transform it into a oxy-fuel one with the model and compare them. The results have important guiding significance in transforming float glass furnace from air-fuel to oxy-fuel combustion.

The problem of aging is becoming more and more serious in China, and it has become one of the hot topics in the society. With the rapid development of society and the rapid development of cities, the gap between rural and urban areas is becoming more and more significant. The city's elderly population is increasing, and the urban pension facilities cannot meet the needs of the elderly. And in the countryside, aging is more serious, more and more young people prefer to choose more chances to the development of big cities, while in rural local for the elderly and the rural residents. These older people may be because life habit, perhaps because their own physical condition, many are not willing to leave your life for many years, familiar with the environment, rather than in the conditions of the rural abetted. In the face of such situation, in addition to improving the urban pension facilities, the rural old-age care should also arouse enough attention.

The design to the rural pension as a starting point, located in hunan shaodong Atlantic jiang village, set up a health center, to solve the problem of provide for the aged, the doctor in the region, and provides a comfortable pension environment for old people, and more convenient to see the doctor diagnosis and treatment institutions, to meet the basic demand of these two cases can offer pension for rural old people need more activity space, enhance the activity and the communication between the old man, for the rural elderly endowment life happiness.

In the process of design, first analyze the shaodong county of hunan province, the western base of jiang village, clear the site location, characteristics of landform, climate conditions, a series of basic questions, such as transportation is convenient. In the region have a certain understanding after the further analysis, the old man's living conditions in the region understand the layout of the whole village form, analysis of the road, and local building style is what kind of, the construction of the infrastructure is perfect, and so on. Master the real life state of the villagers, and choose the area of about 2000 square meters (not less than 5%) according to local conditions.

Geared to the needs of the rural elderly health center design, focused on the characteristics of rural villages and the old man living environment, for the rural elderly pension, medical service at the same time, make the design by construction in the countryside, reflected in the rural environment at the same time, also in keeping with The Times, injected fresh blood to the village. It is hoped that through this design recuperation center can increase the welfare of the rural elderly, and provide new ideas for rural old-age care.

Key Words：Recuperation center; Ageing; Architectural design; The rural pension

目 录

摘 要 1

Abstract 2

第1章 绪论 7

• 1. 研究的目的和意义 7

1.2 研究的内容和方法 7

……

第2章 农村疗养中心设计原则 8

2.1 选址及空间布局 8

2.2 平面空间组合 8

2.3 使用功能划分 9

2.4 采光通风条件 9

2.5 老人身心需求 9

……

第3章 湖南邵东西洋江村疗养中心设计需求分析 11

3.1 项目背景 11

3.2 区位分析 11

3.3 现状分析 12

……

第4章 湖南省邵东县西洋江村疗养中心建筑设计方案 13

4.1 建筑选址 13

4.2 设计的元素和理念 13

4.3 功能分区 14

4.4 交通流线 15

4.5 景观环境 16

4.6 其他图纸 17

……

参考文献 20

致谢 21

第1章 绪论

1.1 研究的目的和意义

现阶段我国属于老龄化最严重的国家之一，截止至今日，据统计我国的老龄人口已经达到了2亿，占据总人口的15%，老龄化问题逐步成为人们关注的话题，如此严重的老龄化带来了新时代的养老机制。

以城市中的养老机制来说，除了传统的居家养老方式，儿女照顾长辈以外，如今，更多的老人会选择去疗养中心、福利院、养老院等一系列专门为老人打造的养老中心去安享晚年。这种方式是丰富了老人的日常生活，不再是紧紧围绕家庭生活，让老人也有了自己生活的自由空间；儿女们或许也能更专注于自己的事业和生活，这种养老模式在现代生活中越来越普遍。

虽然新形式的养老模式日渐渗入到我们的生活，但很多疗养机构设施不足，养老资源短缺也是面临解决一大问题。农村养老相比较于城市养老来说，情况更不容乐观。农村老年人占据的比例比城市老年人还要大，主要归结于两个原因：经济条件落后和空巢家庭居多。在经济较为落后的情况下，农村养老基础设施缺乏甚至是没有，老人们没有条件去享受养老。面对经济落后的状态，年轻一辈的多会选择离开农村去大城市发展，导致农村人口空心化，只有许许多多空巢老人留在农村。所以农村养老问题也应该得到人们足够的重视。

借此，以农村疗养为主题，选址在湖南省邵东县西洋江村建立一个疗养中心，为该地的村民提供养老、医疗、休闲为一体的疗养空间，完善养老基础设施，提高老人的生活品质，增加农村老人的幸福感。在用设计造福于农村老人的同时，农村优美的乡村环境、相对低廉的生活费用和健全的养老设施也可以吸引城市中的老人在乡村享受养老服务。