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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 机械机电类 > 车辆工程 > 正文

大众迈腾轿车驱动桥设计毕业论文

 2021-03-23 22:51:25  

摘 要

驱动桥的基本功能是把变速器输出轴传递过来的转矩加大并适当地减小转速后以合适的比例分配给左、右两个驱动车轮,转向驱动桥作为大众迈腾轿车的前桥,在以往传统驱动桥的基础上增添了能够使车辆实现依据驾驶员行车意图转向的功能。驱动桥是一般消耗燃料(汽油、天然气、柴油)的车辆的主要总成部分之一,其设计得是否科学会直接关系到驾驶员驾驶车辆的感觉,特别是车辆的动力性能,还有用户对车辆使用过程中的经济成本,会很大程度上影响购车用户在使用过程中的驾驶体验,轿车的驱动桥是车辆中工作状况最为复杂、运转环境最为多变、工作条件最为恶劣的总成之一,如果在设计研发、制造生产过程中存在缺陷,则可能会引起严重的安全隐患和不可挽回的后果(如半轴的断裂导致动力的突然丧失),造成车辆使用者的经济财产甚至人身损害。

在本次毕业设计过程中,查阅、参考和借鉴了一些经典的驱动桥设计书目,其中对传统的驱动桥的系统的设计计算和校核方法对我起到了很大帮助,本次设计详细探究了对于国产一汽-大众迈腾轿车的转向驱动桥的结构选型、主要尺寸参数设计计算和相关参数的校核方法,总结了一系列相对科学、合理和有效的设计思路。根据这一设计思路完成了毕业设计的基本要求,设计计算出驱动桥的相关参数数据并画出转向驱动桥的符合设计要求数量的总装图和一部分零件图。同时,我也和相同设计组的同学相约一起到到一汽大众位于武汉汉阳的4S店的维修保养车间仔细观察了现款的迈腾轿车的驱动桥的结构形式,并对其利用相片进行了记录,这样可以有效地对实际迈腾轿车驱动桥的整体构造和大致位置切实地加深了解,然后结合我大学期间学过的专业课(例如工程图学、汽车构造)、在网络上查找的最新的有关驱动桥的设计信息、论文和较为新的汽车设计书籍上的知识来设计计算、绘制草图,最后运用AUTOCAD、UG、CATIA等二维、三维工程制图辅助设计软件绘制总装配图,在此过程中,在以上所举例的几个计算机辅助设计和绘制工程图的专业软件的帮助下,我画图的效率明显大于以前手绘的效率,完成工程图纸绘制的效率被有效地提高了。

关键词:车辆工程 驱动桥 主减速器 差速器 桥壳 半轴

Abstract

The basic function of the drive axle is to increase the torque transmitted from the output shaft of the transmission and reduce the speed appropriately to the left and right drive wheels in the appropriate proportions, and turn the drive axle as the front axle of the Volkswagen Maxtor sedan. In the past, the traditional drive axle has been added to the function of enabling the vehicle to realize steering according to the driver's intention. The drive axle is one of the main components of a vehicle that consumes fuel (gasoline, natural gas, diesel). It is designed whether the science is directly related to the driver's driving experience, especially the vehicle's power performance, The use of vehicles in the process of economic costs, will greatly affect the car users in the use of the driving experience.The driving axle of the car is one of the most complicated working conditions in the vehicle, the most variable operation environment and the worst working conditions. If there are any defects in the design and development and manufacturing process, it may cause serious safety and danger. The consequences of recovery (such as the collapse of the axle lead to the sudden loss of power), resulting in vehicle users of economic property and even personal damage.

In this graduation design process, access, reference and draw on some of the classic drive axle design bibliography, which the traditional drive axle system design calculation and verification methods played a great help to me, this design detailed study This paper summarizes a series of relatively scientific, reasonable and effective design ideas for the structural selection of the steering axle of the FAW - Volkswagen Maxtor sedan, the design and calculation of the main dimension parameters and the related parameters. According to this design idea to complete the basic requirements of graduation design, design and calculation of the relevant parameters of the drive axle data and draw the steering axle to meet the design requirements of the number of assembly drawings and part of the map.
At the same time, I also met with the same design group of students to the FAW-Volkswagen in Wuhan Hanyang 4S shop maintenance workshop carefully observed cash Maxtor sedan drive bridge structure, and its use of photos were recorded, so Can effectively effectively understand the overall structure and general position of the actual Magotan sedan drive axle, and then combine with the specialized courses (such as engineering graphics, car construction) learned during my college, the latest on the network to find the drive axle Design information, papers and more new car design books to design the calculation, drawing sketches, and finally I utilized AUTOCAD, UG, CATIA and other two-dimensional, three-dimensional engineering drawing design software to draw the assembly map, in the process, in the above For example, several of the computer-aided design and drawing engineering drawings with the help of professional software, the efficiency of my drawing is significantly greater than the previous hand-painted efficiency, the efficiency of drawing drawings is effectively improved.


目录

摘要 3

第1章 绪论 8

第2章 驱动桥结构方案的选定 10

第3章 主减速器设计 12

3.1 主减速器的结构形式 12

3.2 设计计算主减速器传动比(我们通常将其称为主减速比) 12

3.3主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定 13

3.4 主减速器齿轮主要设计数据的计算 17

3.4.1 主减速器主动齿轮和从动齿轮齿数的选择 17

3.4.2 斜齿轮设计计算 17

3.5主减速器斜齿圆柱齿轮设计计算表 20

3.6主减速器齿轮的材料选择及其热处理方法 25

3.7轴承标准件的选择 26

3.7.1 作用在主减速器主动齿轮上的力 26

3.7.2 主减速器轴承载荷的计算和校核 29

第4章 差速器的设计 31

4.1 差速器结构形式选择 31

4.2.1 差速器齿轮的基本参数的选择 33

4.2.2 设计计算、校核差速器齿轮几何尺寸与强度 36

4.2.3 汽车行星齿轮和半轴齿轮的参数表 38

第5章 驱动车轮的传动装置设计 39

5.1 半轴的设计计算 39

第6章 万向节设计 41

6.1 万向节结构选择 41

第7章 驱动桥壳设计 42

7.1驱动桥壳的设计要求 42

第8章 结论 43

参考文献 44

附录 45

致谢 46

第1章 绪论

国产一汽-大众迈腾轿车驱动桥位于传动系中的DSG自动变速器之后,位于所有传动系统的最末端[1]。其基本功用是增大从变速器输出轴输出的扭矩、减小从变速器输出轴输出到两驱动轮端的转速和改变从变速器输出轴输出的转矩到驱动轮端的传递方向,即增大由传动轴(迈腾轿车无此传动轴)或在发动机前置横置情况下直接从变速器输出轴传递过来的转矩,将来自变速器输出轴的扭矩近似均匀地分配到与车轮相连的半轴,即使两个驱动车轮的旋转速度不同,例如在车辆一个转角处拐弯,并将此转矩科学地分配给左右两个驱动车轮,且应保证其传递转矩的效率较高,而且,驱动桥的半轴还要承受来自发动机经变速器传递过来的动力、驱动轮作用于路面的垂直力、纵向力和横向力,以及经轮胎传到半轴的制动力矩及其反作用力矩等诸多力和力矩[2]。本次设计的迈腾轿车驱动桥由斜齿圆柱齿轮主减速器、普通锥齿轮差速器、可伸缩和不可伸缩两种等速球笼式万向节、半轴和驱动桥壳等部件构成。

总结来说,以下的基本要求应该被满足时,才算设计出一个科学合理的驱动桥:

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