1. 毕业设计（论文）主要内容：

this paper will mainly focus on the following parts to make a preliminary study on the translation methods of orientational metaphor in tang poems and song ci. first, the study background and significance. second, the literature review or study on orientional metaphor----conceptual metaphor theory, former studies on orientational metaphor and former studies on the translation methods of orientational metaphor. third, orientational metaphors in tang poems and song ci (mainly focus analysis of the mapping of orientational metaphors in tang poems and song ci). fourth, the study of translation methods of orientational metaphors. much attention will be paid to the study on the translation methods. major translation methods will include synonymy reverse translation, deletion of explanatory words, division of short sentences, innovative translation of old words( neology), addition of explanatory words, unfixed definition of words and refined translation of words. other translation methods will also be adapted depending on the necessity of analysis.

2. 毕业设计（论文）主要任务及要求

1. Search online and choose the novel to work on.

2. Search for the related resources to identify the topic for the paper.

3. Read the original novel and work out the outline.

4. Write the paper on schedule.

5. The paper should give an elaborate and exhaustive research on the given topic with independent work.

3. 毕业设计（论文）完成任务的计划与安排

before 15th, january settlement of the title

before 25th, february submission of the outline

4. 主要参考文献

[1] metaphor and translation[j]. 坎曼丽·麦麦提,朱毅. 海外英语. 2015(23)

[2] strategies of metaphor translation[j]. brankica bojovic. elta journal. 2014(2)

[3] 汉英方位词“上/下”“up/ down”的空间隐喻认知及文化对比分析[d]. 湖北师范学院. 2014