1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

asone of the world’s most eminent novelists, charles dickens‘s works have exerteda significant impact on english social culture, policies and literary creationafterwards. besides, dickens’s novels serve as the best materials when chineseintend to learn more about the victorian england. dickensian world is the wholeenglish society of his time, with its law-courts, the government offices, theprison, the poor house, parliamentary elections and child labor, whosecharacters come from all walks of life: cruel employers in hard times,filthy and wicked thieves in oliver twist, kind gentlemen in greatexpectations, hypocritical philanthropists and evangelist in the bleakhouse. it is a panorama of english life then: the londonstreet, the messy traffic, the factories, slums, hotels, the tainted thames, the grocery stores, the steamboats. all thetraits of londonin the 19^th century have been recorded and displayed in his works.therefore, to know more about english history and victorian fictions, dickens’snovels can never be ignored. additionally, the archetypal dickensian hero isusually an orphan with a sorrowful and suffering experience. dickens preferslooking into the society with children’s eyes, unmasking the social injusticeand false charity. thus, dickens’s orphan complex is the key to understand hismasterpieces.

onaccount of his charming characters and thrilling plots, dickens has appealedloads of scholars both home and abroad to go further study into his works. in britain and theu.s.a, researchers have done a good deal of mature and systematic researches oncharles dickens and his works from various perspectives. and the u.k.has established many journals and reference books for him, such as thedickensian (since1905), dickens quarterly (1984--2011) ,thedickens index(1990),etc.

in1971, a book including over 100 research articles was edited by collins. inthis book, some writers discuss in a detail dickens’s description of london’s unique landscapein his works; some articles talk about the women who have great influence ondickens#8223; life and his works.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

this paper will mainly focus on dickensian orphans in his famousworks including david copperfield, oliver twist, bleak house and greatexpectations. because of various reasons, dickens has some special feelingsfor orphans that became the main stream in his literary creations. this paperwill analyze the motives and emotions of dickens “orphan complex” by means ofjung’s analytical psychology to find out why dickens is so obsessed with “orphans”and what are his purposes by writing orphans.

asfor methodology, this paper will use the psychological approach to analyze thedickensian orphans and go further into the study of dickens’ personalexperience, trying to find the bound between them. and in this paper twoquestions will be mainly focused :

1.what is a dickensian orphan?

3. 研究计划与安排

before 1st january : settlement of the title

before 1st march: submission ofthe outline

before 15th april : submission ofthe first draft

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

[1]bethancarney. “the representation of joe whelks: charles dickens’s reflections on atheatre audience” [j].journal ofvictorian culture, 2017, 22(2):204-221. doi:10.1080/13555502.2017.1285809.

[2]bookreview: charles dickens and the workhouse [j].british brick society. information, 2012, (dec. tn.122):32-34.