摘 要

此计算书是针对武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院土木工程专业2015级毕业设计“金融港A座住宅”所做的书面成果。该住宅楼结构为六层钢筋混凝土框架。

在“建筑设计”中，我参观了几个同样的建筑，确定了几个初步方案，分别从各个方面对它们进行比较，确定了最终的方案，然后确定具体的建筑构造、做法以及材料。

在“结构设计”中，我首先选择第③轴的横向框架作为计算书手算的任务，并最终选择方案，接着确定具体所受的荷载。荷载含有恒荷载，活荷载，左右风荷载，左右地震作用。根据荷载计算梁柱板的内力，再进行组合后得到各截面的控制内力，最后进行各构件的配筋计算。

除此之外，还进行了结构方案中的楼梯设计，其中完成了梯段板，平台板，平台梁等构件的内力计算、配筋计算以及施工图绘制。根据工程地质资料，结构采用柱下独立基础。

结构设计过程中先用一个月的时间进行天正进行建筑图绘制，然后花一个月时间用建筑结构设计软件PKPM进行整体结构建模分析计算；运用Tssd结构绘图及计算工具绘制全套结构施工图和结构构件计算。最后再用一个多月的时间选取有代表性的一榀框架分别运用弯矩分配法、分层法、D值法、底部剪力法计算该框架在竖向荷载、水平荷载、地震作用下的内力并进行内力组合和框架配筋设计。这样既能学习到各种建筑软件的基本运用，又能对3年半的知识有一个很好的总结和回顾。最后将手算与电算的结果进行对比，能让自己对框架结构的受力有一个更明确的了解。

关键词：住宅；毕业设计；钢筋混凝土框架；建筑设计；结构设计；一榀框架

Abstract

This calculation book is a written result of the 2015 graduation design of "Financial Port A Residence" for the Civil Engineering Engineering and Architecture College of Wuhan University of Technology. The structure of the residential building is a six-story reinforced concrete frame.
In "architectural design", I visited several of the same buildings, identified several preliminary plans, compared them from various aspects, determined the final plan, and then determined the specific architectural structure, practices, and materials.
In "structural design", I first choose the horizontal frame of the third axis as the task of calculating the bookhand calculation, and finally choose the plan, and then determine the specific load. The load contains constant loads, living loads, left and right wind loads, and left and right seismic effects. The internal force of the beam column plate is calculated according to the load. After the combination, the internal force of each section is obtained. Finally, the reinforcement of each member is calculated.
In addition, the design of stairs in the structural scheme is also carried out, in which the internal force calculation, reinforcement calculation, and construction drawing of the components such as the ladder section board, platform board, and platform beam are completed. According to engineering Geological data, the structure adopts an independent foundation under the column.
In the process of structural design, it takes one month to draw the building map, and then spends one month to use the architecture design software PK PM to analyze and calculate the overall structure. The Tssd structural drawing and calculation tools are used to draw a complete set of structural construction drawings and structural component calculations. Finally, a representative frame was selected over a period of more than one month to calculate the internal force of the frame under vertical load, horizontal load, and seismic action using the methods of moment allocation, stratification, D value, and bottom shear. Frame reinforcement design. In this way, we can not only learn the basic application of various building software, but also have a good summary and review of 3 and a half years of knowledge. Finally, comparing the results of the manual calculation and the computer calculation, we can have a clearer understanding of the force of the frame structure.

Key words: residence; Graduation design; Reinforced concrete frame; Architectural design; Structural design; A frame

目 录

绪 论…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….……….1

第1章 设计资料………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……….…….……..2

1.1 工程名称…………………………………………………………………………………………………...........................2

1.2 工程概况……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............2

1.3设计荷载……………………………………………………………………………………………..……….……….............2

1.4抗震设防……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............2

1.5 建筑等级……………………………………………………………………………………………………........................2

1.6 气象资料……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………....2

1.7 地质资料………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….......2

1.8 材料选用……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..…....3

第2章 结构选型……………………………………………………………………………………………………….….……........4

2.1 柱网布置………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………...............4

2.2 框架结构承重方案的选择………………………………………………………………………………………….…....4

2.3 计算单元选取……………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..…..4

2.4 梁、柱截面尺寸的初步估计…………………………………………….……………………………………..….......7

2.4.1 梁截面初选（③轴）……………………………...……………………………………………….…….............7

2.4.2 柱截面初选（③轴）………………………..……………...…………………………..……………………….....7

第3章 侧移刚度的计算…………………………………………………………………..……………………………............10

3.1 梁线刚度ib的计算（I=2I0) ……………………………………………………………………………………...10

3.2 柱线刚度ic的计算(I=I0)………………………………………………………………………….........................10

3.3 相对线刚度计算……………………………………………………………………………………………………..........10

第4章 恒荷载作用下内力计算…………………………………………..…………………………………………….....12

4.1 恒荷载标准值计算…………………………………………………………………..……………………………..........12

4.2 恒载作用下框架的所受荷载…………………………………………………………………………………..........14

4.2.1 框架梁的恒载…………………………………………………………………………..………………………........14

4.2.2 柱纵向集中恒荷载计算……………………..………………..……………………………….................... 23

4.3 恒载作用下框架的内力计算………………..…………………………………………………………………….....26

第5章 活荷载标准值计算……………………………………………………………………..………….……..…………….37

5.1 活荷载标准值…………………………………………………………...………………………………………….……....37

5.2 活载作用下框架所受荷载…………………………..…………………………………………………………………37

5.2.1 屋面与楼面活载…………………………..……………………………………………………………………......37

5.2.2 柱的集中力………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………44

5.3 活载作用下框架的内力计算…………………..……………………………………………………………….......45

第6章 风荷载作用………………………………………………………………..……………………………………......…….53

6.1 风荷载标准值…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………...53

6.2 侧移刚度D…………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………........54

6.3 风荷载作用下框架侧移计算………………...………..………………...…………………………………….......55

6.4 框架柱的剪力分配计算………………………………..…………………….………..………………………….......55

6.5 框架柱反弯点高度的计算……………………………………………….…….……………………………………...56

6.6 框架柱端的剪力弯矩及梁端的弯矩计算………………………………….…….…………………………....58

第7章 水平地震荷载作用……………………………………………….…………………………………………………......62

7.1 重力荷载代表值的计算……………………………….……………………………………………………………......62

7.1.1 顶层重力荷载代表值…………………………………………..………………………………………..…………62

7.1.2 标准层重力荷载代表值………………………..……………………..……………………………..…………..62

7.1.3 二层重力荷载代表值…………………………..……………..……………………………………………..…...62

7.1.4 底层重力荷载代表值………………………………………...…………………….………………………..……63

7.2 水平地震作用力的计算（基底剪力法）………………………………………………………………....…....63

7.3 水平地震作用下框架的侧移验算…………………………..……………………………………………..……...65

7.4 水平地震作用下框架内力计算（D值法）……………………..………………………………….…..……....66

第8章 荷载和内力组合…………………………………………………………………………………………….…....……...70

8.1 内力转换………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..…..72

8.2荷载基本组合…………………………...…………..………………………..………………………….……................72

8.3截面控住及最不利内力………………...…………..……...…………..……...…………..……....…………….…..73

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