论文总字数：31358字

摘 要

由于全球性的能源危机、气候变化以及环境污染，越来越多的国家开始重视太阳能、风能等新能源的开发。由于太阳能与风能等新能源易受气象条件的影响，具有随机不稳定性和间歇性，如果将这样发出来的电力直接输送到电网当中会对电网造成剧烈的冲击，这会加重电网的负担，破坏电网的平衡，降低电网的质量。为了改善太阳能电场与风电场输出电力的不稳定性，降低电网负荷，人们就需要储能技术。Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能体系由于具有来源广泛、价格低廉、储热密度高、储热温度适宜、系统潜在应用领域广阔等优点，是中高温热化学储热的研究热点。

本文确立了一种可行的Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统结构，对关键反应器进行了详细的设计，同时设计了系统的工艺流程，确定了系统各节点、单元的工艺参数，并对系统的有效性进行了验证。主要研究内容如下：

（1）设计了整个Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统结构，对系统重要单元(水合炉，煅烧炉)的参数进行了设计。

（2）使用MATLAB软件对重要单元进行模拟分析，验证了所设计的系统参数的合理性和正确性。

（3）设计合理的系统工艺流程，确定工艺流程的热力学参数，并验证了该工艺流程可以保证系统可靠的运行。

本文对Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统中的煅烧炉和水合炉进行了设计，确定了煅烧炉模型的脱水转化效率为0.84，水合炉模型的水合转化效率为0.90，验证了其有效性,并对系统的经济性做了简单的探讨。在此基础上，设计了合理的工艺流程，流程中的重要参数如下：在水合过程中最大热输出为100 MW，过程净效率为70%，CaO存储容积为每小时390-460 m³，要求循环流动床中的固体存量约为373-443 kg/m²，固体循环流速为3.1-3.7 kg/m²s，流化床的自由横截面积为34.4 m²。

关键词：热化学储能 系统参数设计 结构尺寸设计 模拟

ABSTRACT

Due to the global energy crisis, climate change and environmental pollution, more and more countries pay attention to the development of new energy. New energy sources, such as solar energy and wind energy, are susceptible to weather conditions.So new energy sources have instability and intermittency.If the electricity from new energy is transmitted directly to the grid, it will have a severe impact on the power grid.And it will increase the burden of the grid, destroy the balance of the grid, and reduce the quality of the power grid. In order to improve the instability of electricity and reduce the load of power grid, energy storage technology is needed. Ca(OH)₂/CaO thermochemical energy storage system has many advantages, such as wide source, low price, high density of heat storage, suitable temperature of heat storage, wide potential application field, and so on.So it is a hot spot in the research of thermal chemical heat storage at medium and high temperature.

In this paper, a feasible structure of Ca(OH)₂/CaO thermochemical energy storage system is established, and the key reactors are designed in detail. At the same time, the process flow of the system is designed, and the process parameters of each unit of the system are determined. And the effectiveness of the system is verified.

The main contents of the study are as follows:

1. The whole Ca (OH) ₂/CaO thermochemical energy storage system is designed, and the parameters of the important unit (hydrator and calciner) are designed.
2. MATLAB software is used to simulate and analyze the important units.The rationality and correctness of the designed system parameters are verified.
3. Design a reasonable system process, determine the thermodynamic parameters of the process, and verify that the process can ensure the reliable operation of the system.

In this paper, the calciner and hydration in Ca(OH)₂/CaO thermochemical energy storage system are designed. The dehydration conversion efficiency of calciner model is 0.84.The hydration conversion efficiency of hydration model is 0.90. And its validity is verified. The economy of the system is also discussed briefly. On the basis of the previous research, a reasonable technological process is designed. The important parameters in the process are as follows: the maximum thermal output in hydration process is 100MW, and the net efficiency of the process is 70%,Cao and Ca(OH)₂ storage volumes is in the range of 390-460 m³ / h. The storage capacity of solid in circulating fluidized bed is about 373-443 kg / m². solid circulation flow rates is around 3.1-3.7 kg / m²s. The free cross-sectional area of the bed is 34.4 m².

KEYWORDS:Thermochemical energy storage ;the design of system’s parameter;the design of structure and measure;simulation

目录

摘要............................................................................................................................I

ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2 热能储存技术与材料简介 2

1.2.1 显热储存技术与材料简介 2

1.2.2 潜热储存技术与材料简介 2

1.2.3 热化学储存技术与材料简介 3

1.3 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统研究内容及研究现状 4

1.3.1用不同方法对Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统进行的研究 4

1.3.2 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学系统与不同种反应器相结合的研究 4

1.3.3 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学系统掺杂与反应失效的研究 5

1.4 本文主要研究内容 5

第二章 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统煅烧炉的设计 7

2.1 引言 7

2.2 煅烧炉参数设计、计算及模型描述 8

2.2.1煅烧炉中总的质量平衡 8

2.2.2由质量平衡的第一部分求解水蒸气增量 9

2.2.3由质量平衡的第二部分求解水蒸气增量 11

2.2.4迭代求解脱水转化效率 12

2.3 煅烧炉模型有效性验证 13

2.4小结 14

第三章 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统水合炉设计 15

3.1 引言 15

3.2 水合炉参数设计、计算及模型描述 15

3.2.1水合炉中总的质量平衡 15

3.2.2由质量平衡的第一部分求解水合转化效率 17

3.2.3由质量平衡的第二部分求解水合转化效率 20

3.2.4迭代求解脱水转化效率 20

3.3 水合炉模型有效性验证 21

3.4小结 22

第四章 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统储释能过程热力学参数 24

4.1引言 24

4.2 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统流程设计 24

4.3 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统热力学参数设计 26

4.4 Ca(OH)₂/CaO热化学储能系统经济性分析...................................................................28

4.5小结 28

第五章 总结 30

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