论文总字数：27452字

摘 要

温室的能量消耗在农业生产中是一个重要问题，降低温室的能量消耗是提高农业生产效益的一个重要途径。相比使用石油，煤炭等传统能源为温室供热，利用太阳能集热器收集能量为温室供热是一种很有效的方法。集热器将太阳能收集起来，然后储存在储热介质中，在阴天，夜晚等温室温度低时将能量释放出来为温室供热，保证温室内作物正常生长。

本论文主要对太阳能集热器进行计算，来完成集热器优化，为温室大棚供热。设计的内容如下：

1. 集热器按照不同的分类方法有多种类型，本文选取了真空管集热器和平板型集热器分析他们各自的优点，估算出他们效率的高低，来对集热器进行选型。
2. 集热工质一般有水和空气两种，分析计算出水和空气集热时的效率曲线，进行对比，选择出合适的集热器工质。
3. 通过选用不同表面涂层材料，盖板厚度，盖板层数进行计算，算出集热器的热损失系数和效率，对计算结果进行分析，选出最合适的材料和结构。
4. 对集热器的吸热板进行结构计算，并计算出不同集热板厚度时集热板的翅片效率和集热器的效率因子，对计算结果进行分析，选出最高效和经济的集热板厚度。
5. 对温室所需的集热器的总面积进行计算，然后根据选择的单个集热器的面积，算出该温室总共需要多少个集热器，并对多个集热器的排列方式进行选择。
6. 集热器的冬季防过冷和夏季防过热的措施。

关键词： 集热器 集热工质 表面涂层 设计优化

Design of heat collector for underground heat storage system in Solar Greenhouse

ABSTRACT

Greenhouse energy consumption is an important problem in agricultural production, reduce greenhouse energy consumption is an important way to improve the efficiency of agricultural production. Compared to use oil, coal and other traditional energy sources to heat the greenhouse, using solar collector to heat for the greenhouse is a very effective method.Collectors collect solar energy, and stored in the storage medium, than it will release energy for greenhouse when the greenhouse temperature is low, to ensure the greenhouse crop normal growth.

This paper focuses on the calculation of the solar collector, to complete the optimization of the collector, to heat the greenhouse.

1. There are different types of collector according to different classification method, this article selects the vacuum tube collector and flat plate collectors analysis their respective advantages, to estimate the efficiency of high and low, then choose the best collector.

2.Thermal mass is generally two kinds of water and air, then analysis and calculation water and air heat collection efficiency curve, select the appropriate thermal mass.

3.Through the selection of different surface coating materials, cover plate thickness, layer number of calculation, calculate the heat loss coefficient and efficiency of the collector, then analyze calculation results , and choose the most appropriate materials and structures .

4.calculate the heat absorbing plate collector structure, and calculate the different heat collecting plate thickness set fin efficiency of hot plate and collector efficiency factor set. Then analyze calculation results and choose the most efficient and economical heat collecting plate thickness.

5.Calculate the total area of the collector for the greenhouse，then according to a collector area to calculate the greenhouse requires the number of collector, and select the arrangement of the collector .

1. The measures of the collection over-cold in winter and overheating in summer.

Key words: Solar collector; Thermal mass; Surface coating; Performance Optimization

目 录

摘要............................................................Ⅰ

ABSTRACT......................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论......................................................1

1.1 背景................................................................1

1.2太阳能集热器.......................................................1

1.2.1 平板型集热器...................................................1

1.2.2热管式真空管集热器..............................................2

1.2.3 U型管式真空管集热器............................................2

1.3集热器国外研究现状..................................................3

1.4集热器国内研究现状..................................................3

1.5温室供热技术.......................................................4

1.6本文研究内容..................................................4

第二章 集热器的设计优化..........................................5

2.1 太阳能集热器的选型..................................................5

2.1.1 平板集热器的优缺点.............................................5

2.1.2 管集热器的优缺点 .............................................5

2.1.3 平板集热器和真空管集热器的效率计算与对比.......................5

2 .2集热器工质的计算与选择.............................................6

2.2.1 空气集热器的效率计算..........................................6

2.2.2 空气集热和水集热的效率对比.....................................8

2.3 平板集热器内材料和尺寸的选择........................................8

2.3.1 吸热板.........................................................8

2.3.2 透明盖板.......................................................9

2.3.3隔热层.........................................................9

2.3.4零件尺寸结构..................................................10

2.4 集热器的热力计算和结构设计优化.....................................10

2.4.1集热器效率...................................................10

2.4.2集热器热损失系数..............................................11

2.4.3集热器表面涂层设计优化........................................13

2.4.4集热器的热损失...............................................17

2.4.5 吸热板结构尺寸的设计优化.....................................17

2.4.6集热器的所有设计参数..........................................21

2.5本章小结...........................................................22

第三章 集热器的总面积确定和布置.................................24

3.1 集热器总面积.....................................................24

3.2集热系统水箱的确定................................................25

3.3 集热器排列方式选取...............................................26

3.4集热器安装倾角的确定..............................................27

3.5集热器的安装间距的计算............................................27

3.6本章小结..........................................................28

1. 集热器的冬季防过冷和夏季防过热...........................29

第五章 结论................................................ ....30

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：27452字