论文总字数：18620字

摘 要

热管散热器是一种新型的散热材料，具有极高的导热性、良好的等温性、冷热两侧传热面积可随意更改、可远距离传热、温度可控制等特点，被广泛应用。(冷)热端的(冷)热量散发情况的好坏将直接影响半导体的制冷效率，如何提高半导体制冷片冷热端的散热能力成为提高其制冷效率的关键。半导体制冷片工作时，只有及时有效的将热量散发到周围空气中，半导体制冷片才能有效的工作，对热端或冷端散热进行改进，能够提高制冷性能，从而节省能耗。本文是对基于冷热两端热管散热器的热电制冷冰箱的模拟与研究。

本课题通过软件Icepak,通过改变电流大小、风扇风量来分析对冷热两端温度、箱体平均温度、制冷功率和制冷效率的影响。计算完成后，对模型的温度场进行分析。之后处理冷热两端温度、箱体平均温度、制冷功率、制冷效率与各变量折线图，得到了：

（1）风扇风量不变，随着电流的增加，热电制冷冰箱的制冷量先增大后减小，箱体平均温度先变小后变大，冷功率增大.制冷效率变小。并得到最佳通入电流为4.8A。

（2）在电流不变的情况下，风扇风量风量增大，箱体平均温度变小，制冷功率不变，制冷效率变小。

关键词：热电制冷 热管散热器 传热性能 数值模拟

simulation study on thermoelectric cooling refrigerator based on heat pipe hest sink arranged on the hot

andcold sides

Abstract

Heat pipe radiator is a new kind of cooling material, having high thermal conductivity, good isothermal, hot and cold side heat transfer area can be arbitrarily change, long-distance heat transfer, temperature control, is widely used. Therefore, the (cold) hot end of the heat distribution will directly affect the efficiency of semiconductor refrigeration, how to improve the cooling capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration chip to become the key to improve the efficiency of the cooling. The semiconductor refrigeration piece of work, only timely and effective will emit heat to the surrounding air, semiconductor refrigeration piece to be effective, the hot end and the cold end heat was improved, can improve the refrigeration performance, so as to save the energy consumption.This paper is the simulation and research of thermoelectric refrigerator based on cold and hot end heat pipe radiator.

This topic through the software Icepak, through changing the current size, fan air volume to analyze the temperature on both ends of the hot and cold, the average temperature of the box, cooling power and cooling efficiency. After the calculation is completed, the temperature field of the model is analyzed. After treatment, the temperature of both ends of the hot and cold, the average temperature of the box, the cooling power, the efficiency of the cooling and the line diagram of each variable are obtained:

(1) fan air volume is constant, with the increase of current, the refrigeration capacity of thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator first increases and then decreases, the average temperature of the box becomes smaller and smaller, and the cooling power increases. And the best way to get through current is 4.8A.

(2) in the case of constant current, the fan air volume increases, the average temperature of the box becomes smaller, the cooling power is constant, the cooling efficiency becomes smaller.

Key words: thermoelectric refrigeration；heat pipe radiator；heat transfer performance；numerical simulation

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

符号表 VI

第一章 绪论 1

1.1热电制冷技术 1

1.2热电制冷的散热 1

1.2.1散热特性分析 1

1.2.2散热效率的提高 2

1.3热电制冷器散热的相关研究 2

1.4热管散热器的实验研究与模拟 3

1.5意义及展望 4

1.6问题研究内容和方法 4

1.6.1研究内容 4

1.6.2研究方法 4

第二章 模型建立 6

2.1 Icepack软件介绍 6

2.2物理模型 8

2.3 几何模型 11

2.4物性参数 12

2.5控制方程 12

2.6 初始条件和边界条件 14

2.7数值计算方法 15

2.8 网格划分 15

2.8.1网格类型 15

2.8.2网格划分步骤 16

2.8.3网格划分展示 16

第三章 数据处理及分析 19

3.1参数定义 19

3.2模拟结果云图分析 20

3.2.1温度场 20

3.3模拟数据汇总及分析 20

3.3.1风量0.008m³/s下电流变化对制冷量影响 20

3.3.2各风量变量下电流变化对箱体平均温度影响 21

3.3.3各风量下电流对输入功率的影响 22

3.3.4不同风量下电流对制冷效率的影响 23

3.3.5风量对箱内温度影响 23

3.3.6风扇风量对制冷功率的影响 24

第四章 结论与展望 26

4.1结论 26

4.2未来展望 26

参考文献 27

致谢 30

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